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—288 NOTES.of Grecian, but Celtic origin; and if any thing further werewanting to establish this point, it is presumed that Carnea willcompensate the deficiency. These Carnea were feasts held inhonour of Apollo, over allGreece, but chiefly at Sparta, whereCallimachus (see his hymn to Apollo) says they were first introdured.This festival was celebrated at Sparta in the monthCarneus^ and at Athens in the month Metageitnion, both cor-TCBponding to our month of May. The whole festival wasclearly descriptive of a military expedition. Nine tents wereerected, and the festival lasted nine days.The chief priest wascalled Jgetes, i. e. general. Out of every tribe five ministerswere chosen, named Carneatat\ i. e. Cariumen^ or attendants atthe Cam. The hymns sung were called Cameioi nomoi^ i. e.Cam tiines^ or hymns. The musicians, on these occasions, contendedfor victory. The first prize was won by Terpander.See Potter's Jntiquilies of Greece, vol, 1. p, 374 & 380.With regard to the etymon of Carneus, and the origin of thisfestival, there has been much diversity of opinion.Dr.Bryant andTytler derive Carneus from the Greek /fercw, which Bryânt renders a Horny and Dr. Tyiler a Stork^ informing us at thesame time that Clarios is a name of the same import, whereasClarios is evidently derived from C/aros, a city of Ionian famousfor an oracle of Apollo. See T;yilefs Callimachus, p. 44. & 45,Others have imagined that Carneus is a corruption of Cyreneus^from Gyrene, a town of Lybia. This idle idea is sufficientlyconfuted by Callimachus in the following lines elegantly translatedby Dr. Tytler :~Some Eocdromius, Clarios some implore,Eut nam'd Carneus on my native siiore.Thee, great Carneus !Sparta first possess'd,Next Thera's isle was with thy presence bless'd,You cross'd the swelling main from Thera's bowers.And then resided in Cyrcne's towers, &c.—p. 4'1. & 45.Thus we see that Apollo was named Carneus at Sparta,before he was known at Cyrene.longIt would be almost endless toadvert to all the groundless opinions vented on (his head. It is
NOTES. 289sufficient for my purpose to have incontroverllbly establishedthat Cctrneus was, among the Greeks, a name of Apollo, andthat in their language, no rational or satisfactory etymon of theword can be found. Indeed when we see such eminont Greekscholars as Mr. Bryant and Dr. Tytler rendering Carnens ahorn, or a stork, and at the same time making it synonimouswith Clarios^ it is evident the Greek analysis is untenable, andmust be given up.Such has been, and always will be, the fateof hunting for etymologies in a language where (hey arenot tobe found.Cam is a word so peculiarly Celtic, that It can hardly be mis,taken. Its regular adjective is Carnach, Carneach, Carnadh,This last is pronounced Camay ^ to which the Greeks added theirtermination os, and formed Carneios.It signifies any thing pertainingto a Carn, and hence frequently signifies a priest.Apollowas named Carneios^ from being worshipped at the Cams, in thesame manner as Jupiter was named Olympius from being worshippedat Olympus, or the said Apollo Delphicus from being"worshipped at Delphi.Indeed Mr. Bryant very rationally supposes,that the numerous appellations of the deities originatedin the Greeks mistaking the place of worship for the deity worshipped,so that the different names of the gods were only thenames of as many temples. If so, what name could have beenfound in the Celtic districts, more appropriate to Apollo thaaCarneios. See BrijanVs Mythology^ vol, I, p. 107. In the CeUtic we have many derivatives of Carn, viz. Carnariy a little CarnCarnam, to make a Carn, Carnal, a heap of stones, Carnâ,piled up, &c. &c.Fortunately the Spartans have preserved to u^ in their monthCarneus the name of the deity worshipped, and the Atheniansin their month Metageitnion^ which signifies a transvicination,or change of neighbourhood, have preserved the important fact,that this festival was introduced into Greece by foreigners.I have already observed that both these months are the same,and this Celtic colony which migrated to Sparta must have beenT^ry powerful, otherwise the Spartans and Athenians would sot
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PREFACE.IliARLY imbued with a compe
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PREFACE. 5Ihtm retain stronger or f
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.ABSTRACTOP THELIFE OF JOHN TOLAND.
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^^LIFE OP TOLAND. 11have subscribed
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LIFE OF TOLAXD. 13'*fied US by liis
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LTPE OF TOLAND.Ins Apology) in as p
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 17lie had the advan
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LIFE OF TOLAND,there, uiiuo 1588; t
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 21as a second Golia
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 23'This same year,
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 25Mr. Toland's word
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Be that as itLIFE OF TOLAND. 27may,
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 29and another, for
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 31The same year, Co
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 33names of Bacchus,
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LIFE OF TOLANO. 35were not, however
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 37A bill having bee
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 39none are prevente
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 41IJtiU honesturn a
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 43liim to be a frie
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LIFE OF TOLAND.111 this treatise he
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—LIFE OF TOLAND. 47proved that Ki
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—LIFE OF TOLAND. 49any of Toland'
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THEFIRST JLETTEMiTO THERIGHT HONOUR
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OF THE DRUIDS.the antiquities of Ga
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OF THE DRUIDS. 55also in all tlie w
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OF THE DRUIDS. 57merely as being th
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or THE DRUIDS. 59tioii oil any man,
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OF THE DRUIDS. 61any other country
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OF THE DRUIDS. 63.spirit and in tru
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OF THE DRUIDS. 65having preserved i
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OF THE DRUIDS. 67cate; yet if she b
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OF THE DRUIDS. 09oitlier the one or
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;OF THE DRUIDS. 71where they are tl
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;;:OF THE DRUIDS. 73orders or degre
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OF THE DRUIDS. 75the modern Italian
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it.OF THE DRUIDS. 77Tliey made liyi
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OP THE DRUIDS. 79being oonceni'd in
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OF THE DRUIDS. 81lege of the Irish
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OF THE DRUIDS. 83O ! sanctas gentes
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OF THE DRUtDS. 85tifi'se, ^^bicli i
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this name.OF THE DRUIDS. 87The Celt
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'•'ÔF THE DRUIDS. 89others affec
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OF THE DRUIDS. 91by the Jews*, whic
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OF THE DRUIDS. f)3s^'emiine, beside
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OF THE DRUIDS. 95vince the world by
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OF THE DRUIDS. 97which, the most fa
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OF THE DRUIDS. 99of the superstitio
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OF THE DRUIDS.lOlone of the chief l
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OF THE DRUIDS. 103,stoutest man in
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'OF THE DRUIDS. 105the poetry and p
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OF THE DRUIDS. 107fables which the
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THESECOJWU LETTER,TO THERIGHT HONOU
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1OF THE DRUIDS. 11made of the first
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OF THE DRUIDS. 113doctrines and sup
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OF THE DRUIDS.11aprodigious fires o
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OF THE DRUIDS. 117monument of a nat
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OF THE DRUIDS. 119before the feast
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:OF THE DRUIDS. 121(by the way) pre
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iOF THE DRUIDS. 123.by Strabo, are
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:OF THE DRUIDS. 125(lie common name
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:OF THE DRUIDS. 127Then seeing Equa
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:OF THE DRUIDS. 129serving in the i
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OF THE DRUIDS. 131be men, transform
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;OF THE DRUIDS.I3f^the forts in que
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OF THE DRUIDS. 135ce.s) some more a
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:;OF THE DRUIDS. 137rudder in the m
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and victims were ty'd.OF THE DRUIDS
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of them.OF THE DRUIDS. 141Thus some
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:01^ THE DRUIDS. 143needs infer, th
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OF THE DRUIDS. 145Meineu'gui/r, whi
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est in allOF THE DRUIDS. 147Ireland
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Arabians, Greecs, or Romans ;OF THE
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OF THE DUtJlDS. 151chair, was thoug
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OF THE DRUIDS. 153bald, has discove
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of winter, or hiding placesOF THE D
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OF THE DRUIDS. 157of tlie lliad^, f
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OF THE DRUIDS. 159society (with who
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OP THE DRUIDS, 161says, that many o
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OF THE DRUIDS. 163cut out the form
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OF THE DRUIDS. ^ 165the inquirer. T
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168 THE HISTORYcome ill by way of o
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170 THE HISTORYI grudge telling her
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17STHE HISTORYinstance shall be tak
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174 THE HISTORYcame to Marseilles,
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176 THE HISTORYM'riters, where ther
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.178 THE HISTORYmoricaii Britain be
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180 'THE HISTORYbassadors of Rheims
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182 THE HISTORYwheras Albion was th
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184 THE HISTORYbe on the coast of S
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186 THE HISTORYthis iland," says he
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•With:188 THE HISTORYyour patienc
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190 THE HISTORYwards, who cou'd the
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1§2 THE HISTORYmakes its public ap
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i04Biitaiii/'THE HISTORYla the seco
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196 THE HISTORY,veniently for the P
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]f^8THE HISTORYI shoii'd not forget
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200 THE HISTORYor contentions: but
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202 THE HISTORYplan ill my second l
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204 THE HISTORYjiidg'd: showing it
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206 THE HISTORYles*, for which I ha
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208 THE HISTORYon the continent. An
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210 THE HISTORYof such travellers a
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212 THE HISTORYtlitioii of the inha
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1214 THE HISTORYwarm, and that no s
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216 THE HISTORYwhale; as no harbors
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,218 THE mSTORVformed a small track
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:;220 THE HISTORYlines of Horace* a
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ever cheerful,THE HISTORYand having
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224 THE HISTORYthing whereof no pri
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'126 THE HISTORYIX, To return whenc
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22^THE HISTORYSO farr abroad and to
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230 THE HISTORY ^V. What judges and
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23*2 THE HISTORYMR. JONES'S ANSWERS
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t2.34 THE HISTORYthat 3Ion was able
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;236 THE HISTORYa herald to record
Page 242 and 243: •238 THE HISTORYBardd) is also us
Page 244 and 245: •240 THE HISTORYins: on the lands
Page 246 and 247: 242 THE HISTORYWales, and the third
Page 248 and 249: 244 THE HISTORYsome proper names. A
Page 250 and 251: !246 THE HISTORYany such word: but
Page 252 and 253: 248Alauda.Caterva.THE HISTORYMachin
Page 255: J¥OTESONTOLAND'S HISTORYOFCfje Bmi
Page 258 and 259: 254 NOTES.fabulous accounts of the
Page 260 and 261: 256 NOTES.pUcifi/ and social virtue
Page 262 and 263: —"258 NOTES.—no one but the pri
Page 264 and 265: 260 NOTEI«l.Note XL—Page 6S,Thei
Page 266 and 267: 262 NOTES.though there are many obs
Page 268 and 269: 264 NOTES.—It has often been obje
Page 270 and 271: 26(5 KOTES.had nihil sacraiius, i.
Page 272 and 273: 208 NOTES.In some points of inferio
Page 274 and 275: 270 NOTE.c.always regret, that a ma
Page 276 and 277: 572 KOTES.their power to consign th
Page 278 and 279: 274 NOTES.diseases. His account is
Page 280 and 281: 276 NOTES.Cocli dicant ; sa7nanquip
Page 282 and 283: 278 KOTES.Dr. Smith is, that Beal a
Page 284 and 285: ——-280 KOTES.Scotland, and sign
Page 286 and 287: 282 NOTES.Libanu5. Plin, lib, 5. ca
Page 288 and 289: 284 NOTES.iEneas, by the guidance o
Page 290 and 291: 2B6KOTE^'.brew, and Is the radix of
Page 294 and 295: 290 NOTES.each have denonimated one
Page 296 and 297: 292 NOTES.die Umbro, as the Italian
Page 298 and 299: 294 KOTES.f. e. *' Then the father
Page 300 and 301: —^06KOTES.Celts, obelises, or ere
Page 302 and 303: ——.—29^NOTES.a Drtiid, lived
Page 304 and 305: ;300 NOTES.suam jestlniatlonem, et
Page 306 and 307: 502 KOTES.to their contemplative st
Page 308 and 309: 304 NOTES.crept into the language w
Page 310 and 311: —————306 NOTES.THE DRUIDI
Page 312 and 313: 308 NOTES.secuti, ant altiores inte
Page 314 and 315: •îONOTES.is the fate of things,
Page 316 and 317: 312 NOTES.diately surrounded the mo
Page 318 and 319: 814 NOTES.of judgment. In (he word
Page 320 and 321: 316 NOTES.and, consequently, no use
Page 322 and 323: —316 NOTES.crime, more acceptable
Page 324 and 325: 320 NOTES.that cows usually take sh
Page 326 and 327: 522 N0TE5.multitiide kneeled down d
Page 328 and 329: !—324 NOTES.Ap]non accuses Closes
Page 330 and 331: 326 NOTES.county. Borlage, in his A
Page 332 and 333: 328 NOTES.(Lapkfugitivus) in the to
Page 334 and 335: 330 NOTES.so, how have we their hou
Page 336 and 337: 332 NOTES.In a similar case Mr. Pin
Page 338 and 339: —^MKOTES.when plerosque Belgas si
Page 340 and 341: 335 NOTES.very striking and olvious
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338 NOTES.ti?e Vichatach signifies
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—540 NOTES.nis, (says he,) in Asi
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—342 NOTtS.Note LXVII.—Page 183
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^44NOTES.signifies the Strong TVind
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I—346 NOTES.derivatlres from Bore
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a348 NOTES.abbreviated diminutive o
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350 NOTES.and the arrival of Apollo
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352 NOTES.Egyptians likewrse were t
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.154 NOTES.trifler may object that
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356 NOTES*(for it is not even alleg
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368 NOTES.the Italians, who appease
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—'——S60NOTES.conicis) says,
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S62NOTES.tioned by Caesar is Lisc7i
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364 NOTES.sublime a fliglit, as to
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DISSERTATIONOn the Antiquity of the
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368 NOTES.write a foreign language,
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570 NOTES.But, in another point of
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372 NOTES*any particular language o
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374 NOTES.Gallic students^ "i^ho re
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——376 NOTES.letters, he would c
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378 NOTES.Germans. 2.We have the si
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380 NOTES.the Suioncs, (De Morlb. G
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382 ÔTEs.-very same criterion woul
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———584 NOTES.matter, that the
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NOTES.S87liginal language of Asia,
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NOTES. 389that they, (the Irish) ha
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;NOTES.3f)Swpnt of the alphabet pre
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thing would IiappenNOTES. S.93were
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NOTES. 395the assertions of Greece
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NOTES. 397Antiquity of the Irish Ma
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NOTES. 399turn aspired to universal
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NOTES. 401Druids were planted inBri
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NOTES. 403Roman powor reached tliem
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ISiiiro.NOTES, 405From the extent o
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NOTES. 407uniformly aaiîts thall t
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NOTES* 409sacrifices, because his G
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liinijNOTES. 411Sesbstris and Tanau
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.NOTES. 413Pompeius might be of ser
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NOTES. 415such a striking peculiari
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NOTES. 41-7therefore ha?e intervene
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NOTES. 419time coming a triennial r
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—NOTES. 421clearly establish (he
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jiOTES. 423longitudinein, on accoun
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—;NOTES. 42.>ers. The man who sac
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NOTES. 427ah uUeriorl Scotia usque
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KOTES. 429Albanach] and e?en in Gal
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—NOTES. 431Plots, were obliged to
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;NOTES.4*j:icat! derive Coth from M
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