AMD x86-64 Architecture Programmer's Manual, Volume 4, 128-Bit ...

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AMD64 Technology 26568—Rev. 3.05—September 2003 Figure 1-1. Diagram Conventions for 128-Bit Media Instructions 2 Arrowheads going to a source operand indicate the writing of the result. In this case, the result is written to the first source operand, which is also the destination operand. shift left First Source Operand (and Destination Operand) Second Source Operand . . . . xmm1 xmm2/mem128 . . 127 112 111 96 95 80 79 64 63 48 47 32 31 16 15 0 127 112 111 96 95 80 79 64 63 48 47 32 31 16 15 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . Arrowheads coming from a source operand indicate that the source operand provides a control function. In this case, the second source operand specifies the number of bits to shift, and the first source operand specifies the data to be shifted. shift left Operation. In this case, a bitwise shift-left. Ellipses indicate that the operation is repeated for each element of the source vectors. In this case, there are 8 elements in each source vector, so the operation is performed 8 times, in parallel. 513-323.eps File name of this figure (for documentation control) Gray areas in diagrams indicate unmodified operand bits. The 128-bit media instructions are useful in high-performance applications that operate on blocks of data. Because each instruction can independently and simultaneously perform a single operation on multiple elements of a vector, the instructions are classified as single-instruction, multiple-data (SIMD) instructions. A few 128-bit media instructions convert operands in XMM registers to operands in GPR, MMX, or x87 registers (or vice versa), or save or restore XMM state. Hardware support for a specific 128-bit media instruction depends on the presence of at least one of the following CPUID functions:
26568—Rev. 3.05—September 2003 AMD64 Technology � FXSAVE and FXRSTOR, indicated by bit 24 of CPUID standard function 1 and extended function 8000_0001h. � SSE, indicated by bit 25 of CPUID standard function 1. � SSE2, indicated by bit 26 of CPUID standard function 1. The 128-bit media instructions can be used in legacy mode or long mode. Their use in long mode is available if the following CPUID function is set: � Long Mode, indicated by bit 29 of CPUID extended function 8000_0001h. Compilation of 128-bit media programs for execution in 64-bit mode offers four primary advantages: access to the eight extended XMM registers (for a register set consisting of XMM0–XMM15), access to the eight extended, 64-bit generalpurpose registers (for a register set consisting of GPR0–GPR15), access to the 64-bit virtual address space, and access to the RIP-relative addressing mode. For further information, see: � “128-Bit Media and Scientific Programming” in Volume 1. � “Summary of Registers and Data Types” in Volume 3. � “Notation” in Volume 3. � “Instruction Prefixes” in Volume 3. 3
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AMD x86-64 Architecture Programmer's Manual, Volume 4, 128-Bit ...

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