socialuri usafrTxoebis eTnikuri aspeqtebi polieTnikur sazogadoebaSi

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jgufebisagan fsiqologiuri, socialuri da fizikurisafrTxis gancdiTYaris ganpirobebuli. “svanebi armomwons, Zalian cudad iqceodnen. ambobdnen, es Cvenimiwaa da Tqven wadiT, Cxubic iyo, kacic mokles.aWarlebi Turqebi arian. eg ra qarTvelebia, martoena aqvT qarTuli. Turqebi rom dagvesxnen, egenipirvelebi uRalateben saqarTvelos. eg ra xalxia.berZnebis saxlebSi ZaliT Sedian da xatebs wvaven,saxlidan agdeben. maTTan ra saerTo gvaqvs. . .”(wereTeli, 2008 _ 2010). msgavsi suraTi gamovlindawalkaSi berZnebis mxridan aWarlebsa da svanebTandamokidebulebaSi. svanebis stereoti pi ukavSirdebasafrTxes. “aq saxlebi aris da eseni ise Semodian,arc muSaoba undaT, arc araferi. raT minda eseTixalxi Cem sofelSi?! Tu arc qurdoba icis, kide ho,daveTanxmebi . . . ki arian qristianebi, cota romarian, araferia, magram bevri erTad ukve cudigaxdebian CvenTvis. ise TiTo-TiTos ara uWirs.svanebma iq mokles, aq mokles, Cveni adgilobrivi . . .“ respodenti aWarlebsac axasiaTebs da maT mimarTkidev ufro met miuReblobas avlens: “ai, aWarlebiar SemouSvi, me skolaSi vmuSaobdi da aba, esmusulmanebi rad minda? magaT azerbaijanelebiviTmusulmanuri “vera” (rwmena) aqvT. Cven unda Tqvenieklesia meCeTad gadavakeToTo, ase Tqves aWarlebmao- bavSvebma miTxres. Cveni sasaflao im eklesiisezoSia da aba rogor SeiZleba es!” religiurniadagze aRmocenebul miuReblobaze metyvelebs sxvaberZeni respodentis sityvebic: “aWarlebma SeurachyvesCveni siwmindeebi. . . Sevidnen Cvens saxlebSi(igulisxmeba mitovebuli saxlebi) gadmoyares Cvenixatebi da “nadrugalis” (wereTeli, 2008 _ 2010).masalidan Cans, rom somxebisa da berZnebis didinawilisTvis e.w. ekomigrantebi aRiqmebian, rogorcsafrTxis Semcveli jgufebi, romlebic Seicavenrogorc fizikur, aseve materialur da religiursafrTxesac. Tumca socialuri distancia da miuReblobaaWarelis mimarT gacilebiT ufro didia, vidresvanis mimarT. am daskvnas kidev ufro amyarebs berZenirespondentis Semdegi sityvebi: “Camosulebi rom arian,unda moridebuli iyvnen, mosuli unda iyos wynari.icodes, rom Camosulia. ra, me rom wavide svaneTSi,miwas, nakveTs momcemen?! arc iq da arc ar-sarvanSimomcemen. iq meCeTi aiSenes. im meCeTSi adgilobriviazerbaijanelebi ar dadian, ar Sedian da aWarlebiki dadian, sxva ti pis xalxia egeni.” sxva berZenirespondenti Semdegi sityvebiT gamoxatavs Tavisdamokidebulebas: “svanebs da aWarlebs me ubralodqarTul enaze molaparaked vTvli, Torem ise egeniar mimaCnia qarTvelebad, Tumca me mainc svanebi ufromeaxloeba, erTi rwmena gvaqvs” (wereTeli, 2008 _ 2010).aq mosaxle somxebisTvis aseve miuRebelia e.w.ekomigrantebis (aWarlebis da svanebis) monawileobasoflis saWirboroto sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi da,saerTod, soflisa da raionis marTvaSi.savele kvlevebi cxadyofs, rom sakvlev jgufebSiCamoyalibebulia mkveTrad diferencirebuli eTnikuristereoti pebi. amasTan, sakuTari jgufis stereotipebSi ufro metad kognituri nawili gamodis winaplanze, xolo sxva jgufebis stereoti pebSi kiwamyvania emociur-SefasebiTi nawili. es gansakuTrebiTkargad Cans svanebisa da aWarlebis heterostereotipebSi. sainteresoa isic, rom am etapze yvelazemisaRebi jgufi somxebisTvis berZnebi arian. esvlindeba maT mimarT maRali ndobis xarisxis gamovlenaSirogorc ubralo adamianuri urTierTobebis,aseve fizikuri da ekonomikuri usafrTxoebis gancdisdonezec (safrTxis Semcveli ar aris arc ekonomikuradda arc religiurad).rac Seexeba am raionSi arsebul viTarebasinterkulturuli sensitiurobis TvalsazrisiT,benetis interkulturuli sensitiurobis modelisa288 289
da mis mier SemoTavazebuli eqvs safexuriani skalismixedviT eTnikur jgufTa urTierTdamokidebuleba,Cveni azriT, eTnocentrizmis meore safexuris _sxvaobebisgan Tavdacva, Sesabamisia.ganxorcielebuli kvlevis monacemTa analizmagamoavlina regionSi arsebuli jgufTaSorisi (somexi,azerbaijaneli, berZeni, aWareli, svani) urTierTobebisspecifika da maTi fsiqologiuri safuZvlis ganmsaz-Rvreli meqanizmi. aRsaniSnavia, rom regionSi gamovleniljgufTaSoris damokidebulebebsa da ganwyobebsmravalmxrivi da mravalSriani motivaciuri faqtorebiganapirobebs.iseve, rogorc sxva polieTnikur da multireligiursazogadoebaSi, aqac, eTnikur jgufebs SorisdaZabulobis erT-erT umTavres faqtorad religiawarmoCndeba. eTnikur jgufTa fsiqologiuri urTierTmiuReblobisxarisxsa da socialur distanciasmniSvnelovanwilad ganapirobebs maTi gansxvavebulida xSir SemTxvevaSi urTierT gamomricxavi msoflxedvissistemebi, romlebic Rirebulebebis, cxovrebiswesis, stereoti pebisa da socialuri normebis donezevlindeba da yoveldRiur urTierTobebSi ganxorcielebuliqcevis safuZvelze mtkicdeba. eseniagansxvavebuli dakrZalvis wesi, Sromis ganawilebaojaxsa da sazogadoebaSi, Sexedulebebi qalisa damamakacis rolsa da funqciaze, qorwinebis asakTandamokidebuleba, gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebi gogonebisada biWebis ganaTlebaze da a.S.amavdroulad, am regionSi mcxovrebi jgufebismotivaciur sistemebSi metad mniSvnelovan adgilsikavebs pirveladi e.w. sabaziso donis, sasicocxlomniSvnelobis mqone motivebi, romlebic gadarCenisada gamokvebis moTxovnilebebs ukavSirdeba. samwuxarod,miwis simciris gamo ekomigraciis Sedegadgadmosaxlebul mosaxleobaSi (aWarlebi, svanebi) ammoTxovnilebaTa dakmayofileba ver, an didi Zalis-xmevis Sedegad xerxdeba. amdenad, es ukanaskneli maTiqcevis wamyvan motivatorad gvevlineba. rogorckvlevis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebi gviCvenebs, miwisdamuSaveba da misgan miRebuli mosavali Tu Semosavalifaqtiurad regionis mcxovrebTa vitaluri,sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebiserTaderTi saSualebaa. Tumca mosaxleobisdidi nawilisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT ki ekomigrantisvanebisa da aWarlebisaTvis, miwa naklebadaa xelmisawvdomi.ekomigrantebSi pirveladi sasicocxlomniSvnelobis moTxovnilebebis daukmayofileblobaregionSi sazogadoebis socialuri urTierTobebissistemis funqcionirebaze uaryofiTad aisaxeba dajgufTaSorisi daZabulobis erT-erTi realuriwyaroa.ekomigrantebSi dabalia TviTSefasebis donec,romelsac socialuri usamarTlobisa da sxvaeTnikur jgufebTan mimarT araTanasworuflebianobisgancda ganapirobebs.regionSi mcxovreb jfufTaSoris socialurdistancias mniSvnelovanwilad ganapirobebs yvelajgufisTvis saerTo sakomunikacio enis faqtiuriarasebobac. gamokvleva gviCvenebs, rom mosaxleobisdidi nawili mxolod sakuTar enas flobs da, amdenad,maT Soris komunikacia metad gaZnelebulia. TumcaqarTuli ena saxelmwifo enaa, magram am regionSimas mxolod formaluri statusi aqvs da igi verasrulebs saerTo sakomunikacio enis funqcias. zemoTaRwerili eTnofsiqologiuri faqtorebis zegavleniTqarTuli enis aTvisebis araformaluri,bunebrivi garemos gamoyeneba ver xerxdeba. TumcaaraqarTulenovani bavSvebi da mozardebi swavlobenqarTuls, rogorc meore enas skolaSi, magram misirealizaciis garemos ararsebobis gamo maTi codnametad mwiri da formaluria. amgvarad, walkis raionSiarsebuli socialur-fsiqologiuri klimati saxel-290 291
Page 8 and 9:
aTaSorisi urTierTobaTa problemebi,
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usafrTxoeba _ Tavdacvis regulirebis
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10. B a r t h F. Introduction//Ethn
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mogvianebiT gaCnda istoriul-geograf
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gaizoma yoveli administraciuli dana
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lamaliTac dakanonebuli iyo am princ
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1986: 92, 106, 111, 144). mniSvnelo
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Cans (saqarTvelos istoriis 1973: 22
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somxebi. erT-erTi yvelaze Zveli da
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somxebi araTu Tavis nebiT, Zaldatan
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erzrumis safaSodan, kegis sanjayida
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eTnologma lamara faSaevam kvlevis S
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gasaxleba ruseTidan. maT Soris yvel
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osebis umetesoba, rogorc Cvens mier
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gardabnis r-nSi _ 6, marneulis r-nS
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saTvis: wyaldidobam da mewyerma gam
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useTisken ibrunes piri _ gamoTavisu
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qvemo qarTlis toponimikazemoT araer
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is oromaSenma~, meore SemTxvevaSi _
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yof. demurlo _ xaxaljvaria;yof. asa
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erovnebis warmomadgenlebi (rusebi,
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gaswvriv da maSin Camosaxlda sofeli
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adre moZiebuli masalebis gamoyenebi
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dmanisis r-is mosaxleobis 74,4% aze
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39. C i q o v a n i g., 2008 _ 1010
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aRweris SedegebiT dafiqsirda qveyni
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lobis mamakaci, romelic afiSirebs q
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uli empiriuli masala aCvenebs, sakv
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adgan religia jgufTaSoris gadamwyve
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laparakoben qarTulad (SeiZleba Cven
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mwifoebSic xsenebuli koncefciebi po
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kargi qarTuliT laparakobda da buneb
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globaluri kulturuli elementebis gam
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_ Cven sofelSi, marTalia, aravin ar
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omelic gamogvxedavs iq wavalT. es a
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ludis yidva SegviZlia, egec ar SeuZ
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muslimTa nawili Tavis loialobas rel
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gvirgvinianidan Tanamedrove sacxovr
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Semcirda leviratisa da sororatis Se
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tabiT) warmoadgens (mag. marneulis
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masalebi saqarTvelosa da kavkasiis
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aRsaniSnavia, rom regionSi svanebis
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1. dominanti kulturebi ubiZgebs umc
Page 96 and 97: ucxo mentalitetsa da kulturasTan Se
Page 98 and 99: am SemTxvevis Sesaxeb bolniseli inf
Page 100 and 101: gamoZieba daiwyo, magram sasamarTlo
Page 102 and 103: om dapirispireba, romelsac eTnikuri
Page 104 and 105: procesSi kulturebi Tavad gamoimuSav
Page 106 and 107: dineba kacs, aq darCenasac azri aqv
Page 108 and 109: iSviaTia. amdenad, azerbaijaneli um
Page 110 and 111: xasiaTdebian da, amdenad, isini rel
Page 112 and 113: adgan saqarTvelosTan xarT, TurqeTTa
Page 114 and 115: qmris, aramed, orives mxridan sanaT
Page 116 and 117: interpersonaluri urTierTobisaTvis Z
Page 118 and 119: da warwerebiT, xandaxan Robeebs saf
Page 120 and 121: ulad cxovreba, am formiT interkul-t
Page 122 and 123: eligiuri orientacia polieTnikursazo
Page 124 and 125: ebi, romlebic xSirad dakavSirebulia
Page 126 and 127: iqac Semogivardeba da iqave gamogWr
Page 128 and 129: eTnikuri da religiuri kursi, ris ga
Page 130 and 131: yofili muslimani (aWareli) da qrist
Page 132 and 133: moikides fexi. Tumca zogierT jgufSi
Page 134 and 135: yvelafers, rasac ieRova iTxovs Cemg
Page 136 and 137: om Tu keTili neba aris da gaazrebul
Page 138 and 139: 14. j a n i a S v i l i lavrenti, q
Page 140 and 141: skolis administraciis momzadebaze m
Page 142 and 143: ganaTlebis realizaciisas (Gass, Sel
Page 144 and 145: kompetenturoba, maRali statusi da
Page 148 and 149: mwifo enis aTvisebis EerT-erT mniSv
Page 150 and 151: Sereuli ojaxebis warmomadgenlebi, m
Page 152 and 153: 13. Ст ефа н енко Г.Т.,
Page 154 and 155: socialuri erToba, sruliad gansxvave
Page 156 and 157: dabal xarisxs. eTnikuri jgufebi erT
Page 158 and 159: aranakleb mniSvnelovani da axalmosa
Page 160 and 161: Tvisebebi mogwonT yvelaze metad? b)
Page 162 and 163: unda aRiniSnos, rom urTierTobis six
Page 164 and 165: urTierTobaSi yoveldRiurobaSi ar gva
Page 166 and 167: ogorc savele masalis analizma gviCv
Page 168 and 169: om datovon”. “ena ar ician, ra
Page 170 and 171: “sxva” aris_svani. “is, rom s
Page 172 and 173: literatura:1. g o m e l a u r i m.,
Page 174 and 175: uwyobs xels. mozardebis eTnikuri id
Page 176 and 177: genlebi amaxvileben yuradRebas. maT
Page 178 and 179: ki Seewira. saflavis qvebis epitafi
Page 180 and 181: fokus jgufebSi muSaobisas “erovnu
Page 182 and 183: mis erT-erT yvelaze mniSvnelovan Se
Page 184 and 185: ormxrivi uaryofiTi stereoti pi _qse
Page 186 and 187: tendenciis _ samyaros `Tavisianebad
Page 188 and 189: gamonaTqvamebi: es Cveni qveyanaa;
Page 190 and 191: `mtris xati~ ayalibebs winaswar gan
Page 192 and 193: ganixilaven eTnikuri jgufebis arseb
Page 194 and 195: principebs, magram amas ara marto o
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mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis magivrad
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karnaxobs erTi mxare, meore ki eqve
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aseTi suraTi miuTiTebs daxurul, nak
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interviu #1dmanisilia _ batono XX,
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Tqven ambobT, rom sul sxvadasxva xa
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espon. _ maSaveraSi ki.lia _ somxur
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interviu #2dmanisilia _ ar gaqvT su
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literatura:1. m e l i q i S v i l i
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xSiri iyo dapirispireba da konfliqt
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SeiZleba ufro kulturis daxurul tips
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ZiriTadi tipis sawarmo iyo: mevenax
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arxi saerTod ganadgurebulia. sof. s
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2. socialuri distanciis da informac
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macias eqvemdebareba tradiciuli sis
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interact frequently. There were and
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predestined to marginal status, eve
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4. Socio-economic factors play sign
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socialuri usafrTxoebis eTnikuri aspeqtebi polieTnikur sazogadoebaSi

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