socialuri usafrTxoebis eTnikuri aspeqtebi polieTnikur sazogadoebaSi

dadebiTi da uaryofiTi magaliTebis saSualebiT),eTnokulturuli (aZlierebs adamianis mentalurkavSirs winaprebsa da tradiciul kulturasTan) damsoflaRqmiTi (TiToeuli adamianis, jgufis dasaerTod kacobriobis TviTSemecnebisaTvis iZlevasazrdos) (Шнилерман 2003: 12).XX saukunis bolos saqarTveloSi ganviTarebuliprocesebi gansxvavebul jgufebs Soris axleburiurTierTobebis Camoyalibebis perspeqtivebssaxavda. Tumca imTaviTve Canda movlenaTa ganviTarebissami ZiriTadi SesaZlebloba:I. eTnikuri jgufebis (e.w. umciresobebis) erTiansaxelmwifo organizmSi integracia;II. jgufTa Soris kulturuli gansxvavebebisgaRrmavebiT, maT Soris, arsebuli kulturulisazRvrebis kidev ufro ganmtkiceba;III. sruli separacia.eTnikuroba da kulturajgufebs Soris urTierTobisas, wina planzekulturuli maxasiaTeblebi iwevs da swored maTisaSualebiT cdiloben calkeuli movlenis axsnas.abu nimeris azriT, kultura SeiZleba ganvixiloTara rogorc koleqtiur doneze aRiarebulistatistikuri cnebebisa da movlenebis rigi, romelicmxolod “fsevdonaTesaur” organizmebs (tomi,eTnikuri jgufi an nacia) aerTianebs, aramed rogorcindividebis socializaciis kognitiuri procesi. igimoicavs sxva ti pis gaerTianebebsac, romlebic profesiulsaqmianobas, religias an Tundac regions ukavSirdeba(Abu-Nimer, 2001: 687). amasTan, SeiZleba kulturaze,rogorc garkveuli erTobis saerTo maxasiaTebelze,an maTi qcevis maregulirebelze visaubroT(Bagby 1957: 539). yvelaze gamokveTil gaerTianebas,romelic tradiciuli da yofiTi kulturiT xasiaT-deba, eTnikuri erToba warmoadgens da isini Cvenssakvlev regionSi pirobiTadDeTnikur jgufebadSeiZleba movixsenioT (azerbaijanelebi, berZnebi,somxebi, rusebi da a.S.). amasTanave, garkveuli TaviseburebebiTwarmoCindebian saxelmwifisa SemoqmedieTnosis SemadgenlobaSi Semavali eTnografiulijgufebi (qarTlelebi, aWarlebi, svanebi, imerlebi,raWvelebi da a.S.). calke SeiZleba gamoiyostradiciuli religiuri gaerTianebebi: qristianebi(marTlmadideblebi, monofizitebi, kaTolikebi),muslimanebi da sxva religiuri mimdinareobebi(konfesiebi, seqtebi).specialur literaturaSi termini “eTnikurijgufi” Cveulebriv gamoiyeneba im mosaxleobisaRsaniSnavad, romlebic:1. biologiuri TvalsazrisiT ZiriTadad TviTwarmoebadia;2. iziarebs formebis garegnul erTianobaSirealizebul kulturul Rirebulebebs;3. ayalibebs komunikaciisa da urTierTzemoqmedebisvels;4. ayalibebs jgufTan mikuTvnebis sxva msgavsikategoriebisagan gansxvavebul kategorias, identificirebadsmasSi Semavali an arSemavali adamianebisagan(Барт, 2006: 11).gvxvdeba sxvagvari definiciebic: “rasa_kultura_ena”, anda “sazogadoeba aris erToba, romelicuaryofs sxvebs an maT diskriminacias axdens” (Барт,2006: 11).tradiciul sazogadoebebSi jgufTa SorismniSvnelovan ganmasxvavebel faqtorad religiagvevlineba. swored am niSniT ganasxvaveben yofiTdoneze azerbaijanelebs. maT TiTqmis yvela jgufi“TaTrebad” (igulisxmeba muslimani, l.j.) moixseniebs.mosaxleobis umravlesoba ki muslimanuriaRmsareblobisaa. rogorc qvemo qarTlSi mopove-122 123