socialuri usafrTxoebis eTnikuri aspeqtebi polieTnikur sazogadoebaSi

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aranakleb mniSvnelovani da axalmosaxlisaTvismoulodneli fsiqologiuri xasiaTis sirTulec(igulisxmeba piradi gancdiseuli samyaros Sexebaaxal garemosTan). yvela SemTxvevaSi, ekonomikurisirTuleebis paralelurad, axalmosaxle undaSeeguos gansxvavebul geografiul garemos da misigancdisaTvis ucxo, axal sociums _ damxvdurebs,maT socialur ganwyobebs da eTnikur stereoti pebs.faqtobrivad gadmosaxlebis momentidan iwyebaakulturacia. akulturacia rTuli procesia, igimoicavs adaptaciis process, rac axali kulturisaTvisebas gulisxmobs. axali kultura gansxvavebuliaim kulturisagan, romelSic pirovnebaCamoyalibda. rogorc wesi termini akulturaciaemigrantebis mimarT gamoiyeneba (Мацумото, 2008: 224).ekomigrantma sruliad axal fizikur da socialurgaremoSi, axali socialuri pozicia da roli SeiZina.mTlianobaSi swored es axali, gaucxoebuli eTnikuriurTierToba emigrantSi iwvevs Sinagan daZabulobas,rac ganapirobebs e.w. akulturaciis stress. racufro didia kulturebs Soris gansxvaveba, miT ufroizrdeba dezorientacia da swored axali stereotipebis samyaroSi moxvedril adamians euflebaakulturaciis Soki. unda aRiniSnos, rom mkvlevrebigarkveul “sifrTxiles” iCenen termin “kulturisSokis” gamoyenebis mimarT. am formiT termini Semoitanaamerikelma kultur-antropologma k. obergma(Стефаненко, 2000: 281). misi TvalsazrisiT, es mdgomareobaswored Sokis msgavsia. am Sokur mdgomareobasganapirobebs, erTis mxriv, gancvifrebis grZnoba da,meores mxriv, Rirebulebebis, socialuri da pirovnuliidentobis aRreva. gaumarTlebeli molodinebi,sakuTari kompetenturobis dakargva, gaucxoebamxolod uaryofiT gancdebTan aris dakavSirebuli.kanadeli fsiqologis Hh. berris (Berry, 1980: 445-478)azriT, yuradReba unda mivaqcioT kulturis SokisdadebiT mxareebsac. d. berrs miaCnia, rom SokisSedegis dadebiT mxare im individebis Secvlilimdgomareobaa, romelTac moaxerxes diskomfortisdaZleva. droTa ganmavlobaSi gaiTavises, miiRes axaliRirebulebebi da qcevis axali modelebi. faqtobrivadsaxezea individis pirovnuli ganviTareba.aqedan gamomdinare, d. berri gvTavazobs “kulturisSokis” nacvlad gamoviyenoT akulturaciis stresi”.sabolood, misi azriT, axal kulturasTan SexebadadebiT gamocdilebasac gvaZlevs (Стефаненко, 2003:282). imisaTvis, rom “mosulma” misTvis axal, ucxogaremoSi kulturuli adaptacia moaxerxos, man aucilebladunda daZlios “akulturaciis stresi”.stresis daZleva garkveul dros saWiroebs. sworedam periodSi iqmneba konfliqtis aRmocenebis saSiSroeba.am Sinagani, ufro pirovnuli fsiqologiurisirTuleebidan momdinare konfliqts umetes SemTxvevaSieTnikurobas miaweren, rac gaumarTlebelia.regionis socialuri fsiqologiuri garemoSemdegnairad SeiZleba davaxasiaToT: TiToeulmaeTnikurma jgufma socio-kulturuli ganviTarebisdamoukidebeli gza ganvlo. mag., walkis raionSidarCenili berZnebis mniSvnelovani nawili, boloperiodSi, saberZneTTan aris dakavSirebuli _ ojaxiswevrebis nawili saberZneTSi cxovrobs da muSaobs.am TvalsazrisiT walkis raionSi migraciuliatmosfero sufevs. walkis raionis sazogadoebaSiaqtualuria mosaxleobis denadobisa da gadaadgilebissakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli Tematika da,aqedan gamomdinare problemebi. walkis raionSi sul23 berZnuli sofelia. berZnebi regionis ZiriTadmosaxleobas warmoadgenen. isini enobrivi niSniTiyofian berZnulenovan da Turqulenovan berZnebad.“berZnebi, elinofonebi laparakoben berZnuli enispontos dialeqtze~ (Пашаева, 1992: 17). amave dros,walkis raionis ZiriTadi masa warmoadgens e.w.312 313
urumebs. urumebi Turqulenovani berZnebia, saubrobenTurqul kiloze, romelic Tavis mxriv iyofaerTmaneTisagan mcired gansxvavebul kilokavebad(Пашаева, 1992: 19). am kilom saqarTveloSi ganicadaazerbaijanuli, qarTuli da rusuli enis Zlierigavlena. garda enobrivi Taviseburebisa, aq mosaxleberZnebisaTvis sirTules qmnis eTnikuri identurobistransformaciis sakiTxi, radganac berZnuli mosaxleobisgarkveuli nawili “wamsvlelebis” ricxvsganekuTvneba (igulisxmeba saberZneTSi wasvla).“wamsvlelebi” da “darCenilebi” gansxvavebulisocialuri ganwyobiT xasiaTdebian, rac garkveulwiladaisaxeba maT yoveldRiur yofiT urTier-TobaSi. saberZneTSi wasvlaze orientirebulisubieqti yvelanairad cdilobs gaamarTlos wasvlisaucilebloba. es iwvevs masSi gaormagebul SeuTavsebelSinagan gancdas, rac garkveulwilad disonansurmdgomareobaSi ayenebs pirovnebas: wasvlis,yvelafris datovebis aucileblobis damadasturebeliargumenti, umetes SemTxvevaSi, materialurstimuls efuZneba.sadReisod dasaxelebul berZnul mosaxleobasTanerTad regionSi cxovroben somxebi da azerbaijanelebi.aq 17 somxuri sofelia da 4 azerbaijanuli.walkis regioni, bolo dros, eTnikurad ufromravalferovani gaxda, radgan Seemata svaneTidan daaWaris maRali mTianeTidan gadmosaxlebuli ekomigrantebi.adgilobrivi ZiriTadi mosaxleobis:berZnebis, somxebis da azerbaijanelebis sakomunikacioena rusulia. svanebi laparakoben svanuradda qarTulad, xolo aWarlebi _ aWarul dialeqtze.eTnikuri jgufebis ganxilvisas erT-erTiumniSvnelovanesi da mravlismomcveli maxasiaTebeliaaRmsarebloba. faqtobrivad aRmsarebloba aris isqvakuTxedi, romelsac efuZneba TiToeuli eTnikurijgufis Rirebulebebi, eTnikuri identobis ganmsaz-Rvreli socialuri ganwyobebi da romliTac ganisaz-Rvreba eTnikuri urTierTdamokidebulebebis xasiaTi.berZnebi da svanebi qristiani marTmadideblebiarian; svanebTan warmarTuli religiis elementebicaRiniSneba; qarTvelebi aWaridan da adgilobriviazerbaijanelebi suniti muslimebi, xolo somxurierovnebis mosaxleoba qristiani grigorianelebiarian. amgvaria mocemuli regionis lokaluri suraTi,misi kulturaluri areali, romelSic ikveTebakoleqtivisturi kulturebis individualuri specifika.TiToeuli eTnikuri jgufis enobrivma da aRmsareblobiTmagansxvavebam Tavi iCina rogorc eTnikurstereotipebSi, aseve socialuri distanciis xarisxSi.EeTnikuri stereotipebis dadebiTi Tu uaryofiTixasiaTi mniSvnelovanwilad gansazRvravs rogorceTnikur jgufebs Soris urTierTobas, aseve socialuridistanciis xarisxs. stereoti pebi ama Tu imeTnikuri jgufis myar ganzogadebuli xatebia. amxat-warmodgenebis, sazogadod, eTnikuri stereotipebis,kvlevis mravali meTodi arsebobs. arsebulTaSoris Cveni SemTxvevisaTvis mizanSewonilad miviCnieTe.w. CaRrmavebuli, struqturirebuli interviusmeTodi. zedmiwevniT mdidar masalas iRebs mkvlevariaraformaluri intervius meSveobiTac. amgvarxangrZliv dialogSi mkvlevars saSualeba aqvspirdapir kiTxvasTan erTad, informators iribikiTxvebic dausvas. swored iribi SekiTxvebis gziTxdeba SesaZlebeli eTnikuri jgufebis damokidebulebisada miReba-miuReblobis xarisxis dadgena.bunebrivia, rom amgvari dialogis procesSi mkvlevariwinaswar Sedgenili gegmiT xelmZRvanelobs. CvensSemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba specialurad SedgenilikiTxvari, romelic ramdenime blokisagan Sedgeba.bloki Seicavs erTi sakiTxis irgvliv gaerTianebulkiTxvaTa jgufs (mag.: 1. bloki aerTianebs eTnikuristereoti pebis dasadgen kiTxvebs: a) berZnebis romeli314 315
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aTaSorisi urTierTobaTa problemebi,
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usafrTxoeba _ Tavdacvis regulirebis
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10. B a r t h F. Introduction//Ethn
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mogvianebiT gaCnda istoriul-geograf
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gaizoma yoveli administraciuli dana
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lamaliTac dakanonebuli iyo am princ
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1986: 92, 106, 111, 144). mniSvnelo
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Cans (saqarTvelos istoriis 1973: 22
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somxebi. erT-erTi yvelaze Zveli da
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somxebi araTu Tavis nebiT, Zaldatan
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erzrumis safaSodan, kegis sanjayida
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eTnologma lamara faSaevam kvlevis S
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gasaxleba ruseTidan. maT Soris yvel
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osebis umetesoba, rogorc Cvens mier
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gardabnis r-nSi _ 6, marneulis r-nS
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saTvis: wyaldidobam da mewyerma gam
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useTisken ibrunes piri _ gamoTavisu
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qvemo qarTlis toponimikazemoT araer
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is oromaSenma~, meore SemTxvevaSi _
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yof. demurlo _ xaxaljvaria;yof. asa
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erovnebis warmomadgenlebi (rusebi,
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gaswvriv da maSin Camosaxlda sofeli
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adre moZiebuli masalebis gamoyenebi
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dmanisis r-is mosaxleobis 74,4% aze
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39. C i q o v a n i g., 2008 _ 1010
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aRweris SedegebiT dafiqsirda qveyni
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lobis mamakaci, romelic afiSirebs q
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uli empiriuli masala aCvenebs, sakv
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adgan religia jgufTaSoris gadamwyve
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laparakoben qarTulad (SeiZleba Cven
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mwifoebSic xsenebuli koncefciebi po
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kargi qarTuliT laparakobda da buneb
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globaluri kulturuli elementebis gam
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_ Cven sofelSi, marTalia, aravin ar
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omelic gamogvxedavs iq wavalT. es a
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ludis yidva SegviZlia, egec ar SeuZ
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muslimTa nawili Tavis loialobas rel
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gvirgvinianidan Tanamedrove sacxovr
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Semcirda leviratisa da sororatis Se
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tabiT) warmoadgens (mag. marneulis
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masalebi saqarTvelosa da kavkasiis
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aRsaniSnavia, rom regionSi svanebis
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1. dominanti kulturebi ubiZgebs umc
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ucxo mentalitetsa da kulturasTan Se
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am SemTxvevis Sesaxeb bolniseli inf
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gamoZieba daiwyo, magram sasamarTlo
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om dapirispireba, romelsac eTnikuri
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procesSi kulturebi Tavad gamoimuSav
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dineba kacs, aq darCenasac azri aqv
Page 108 and 109: iSviaTia. amdenad, azerbaijaneli um
Page 110 and 111: xasiaTdebian da, amdenad, isini rel
Page 112 and 113: adgan saqarTvelosTan xarT, TurqeTTa
Page 114 and 115: qmris, aramed, orives mxridan sanaT
Page 116 and 117: interpersonaluri urTierTobisaTvis Z
Page 118 and 119: da warwerebiT, xandaxan Robeebs saf
Page 120 and 121: ulad cxovreba, am formiT interkul-t
Page 122 and 123: eligiuri orientacia polieTnikursazo
Page 124 and 125: ebi, romlebic xSirad dakavSirebulia
Page 126 and 127: iqac Semogivardeba da iqave gamogWr
Page 128 and 129: eTnikuri da religiuri kursi, ris ga
Page 130 and 131: yofili muslimani (aWareli) da qrist
Page 132 and 133: moikides fexi. Tumca zogierT jgufSi
Page 134 and 135: yvelafers, rasac ieRova iTxovs Cemg
Page 136 and 137: om Tu keTili neba aris da gaazrebul
Page 138 and 139: 14. j a n i a S v i l i lavrenti, q
Page 140 and 141: skolis administraciis momzadebaze m
Page 142 and 143: ganaTlebis realizaciisas (Gass, Sel
Page 144 and 145: kompetenturoba, maRali statusi da
Page 146 and 147: jgufebisagan fsiqologiuri, socialur
Page 148 and 149: mwifo enis aTvisebis EerT-erT mniSv
Page 150 and 151: Sereuli ojaxebis warmomadgenlebi, m
Page 152 and 153: 13. Ст ефа н енко Г.Т.,
Page 154 and 155: socialuri erToba, sruliad gansxvave
Page 156 and 157: dabal xarisxs. eTnikuri jgufebi erT
Page 160 and 161: Tvisebebi mogwonT yvelaze metad? b)
Page 162 and 163: unda aRiniSnos, rom urTierTobis six
Page 164 and 165: urTierTobaSi yoveldRiurobaSi ar gva
Page 166 and 167: ogorc savele masalis analizma gviCv
Page 168 and 169: om datovon”. “ena ar ician, ra
Page 170 and 171: “sxva” aris_svani. “is, rom s
Page 172 and 173: literatura:1. g o m e l a u r i m.,
Page 174 and 175: uwyobs xels. mozardebis eTnikuri id
Page 176 and 177: genlebi amaxvileben yuradRebas. maT
Page 178 and 179: ki Seewira. saflavis qvebis epitafi
Page 180 and 181: fokus jgufebSi muSaobisas “erovnu
Page 182 and 183: mis erT-erT yvelaze mniSvnelovan Se
Page 184 and 185: ormxrivi uaryofiTi stereoti pi _qse
Page 186 and 187: tendenciis _ samyaros `Tavisianebad
Page 188 and 189: gamonaTqvamebi: es Cveni qveyanaa;
Page 190 and 191: `mtris xati~ ayalibebs winaswar gan
Page 192 and 193: ganixilaven eTnikuri jgufebis arseb
Page 194 and 195: principebs, magram amas ara marto o
Page 196 and 197: mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis magivrad
Page 198 and 199: karnaxobs erTi mxare, meore ki eqve
Page 200 and 201: aseTi suraTi miuTiTebs daxurul, nak
Page 202 and 203: interviu #1dmanisilia _ batono XX,
Page 204 and 205: Tqven ambobT, rom sul sxvadasxva xa
Page 206 and 207: espon. _ maSaveraSi ki.lia _ somxur
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interviu #2dmanisilia _ ar gaqvT su
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literatura:1. m e l i q i S v i l i
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xSiri iyo dapirispireba da konfliqt
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SeiZleba ufro kulturis daxurul tips
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ZiriTadi tipis sawarmo iyo: mevenax
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arxi saerTod ganadgurebulia. sof. s
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2. socialuri distanciis da informac
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macias eqvemdebareba tradiciuli sis
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interact frequently. There were and
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predestined to marginal status, eve
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4. Socio-economic factors play sign
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socialuri usafrTxoebis eTnikuri aspeqtebi polieTnikur sazogadoebaSi

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