socialuri usafrTxoebis eTnikuri aspeqtebi polieTnikur sazogadoebaSi

zne-Cveulebis Sesaxeb ucxos mimarT, zogjer xelovnuradavrceleben arasasurvel Worebs da sxv.jgufis mimarT qsenofobiis saerTo idea qmnis“mtris xats”, romelic SesaZlebelia Taobidan Taobasgadaeces (mag.: antisemitizmi, romelic jer kidevantikur xanaSi aRmocenda da ebraelebs sxva xalxismimarT araloialobaSi sdebda brals; Semdeg iyoqristianuli antisemitizmi, romelic II saukuneSiqristes araRiarebis da ebraelebis rogorc RmerTismkvlelis gamo Camoyalibda; Semdeg _ rasobriviantisemitizmi, romelic warmoiSva XIX saukuneSi,TiTqosda ebraelebis raRac biologiuri arasasurveliniSnebis gamo, ramac warmoSva holokosti. aseve“axali antisemitizmi”, anu antisionizmi, romelicmimarTulia ebraelTa mier Tavis istoriul miwazesaxelmwifos aRdgenisa da maTi gaerTianebis erovnulimoZraobis winaaRmdeg).istoriam gviCvena, rom sulac ar aris savaldebuloqsenofobias realuri safuZveli hqondes. isSeiZleba iyos lokaluri da aseve SeZleba moicvasmTeli qveyana. mag.: ruseTSi sxvadasxva mimarTulebisqsenofobia 70 _ 80 procents Seadgens. esaa evreo _azerbaijano _ kitaio _ gruzinofobiebi; agreTvenegro _ beJenofobia; aseve kavkasio _ islamofobia.“qseno” Zvel berZnulSi agreTve stumars niSnavs.Zvelma berZnebma kargad icodnen mniSvneloba gamoTqmisa_ “qsenus qseniZe kai siugar qsenos gesse _iyavi stumarmaspinZluri stumrisadmi, radgan SeiZlebaSen TviTon aRmoCnde stumari”, anu stumars undasce pativi (Мы и они, 2007).stumrebad adre ZiriTadad vaWrebi iTvlebodnen,romelTac Soridan mohqondaT saWiro da ucnaurinivTebi – aqedan modis maTi kargad daxvedristradicia.stumari aris stumari, is Soridan modis damere male midis. magram Tu stumari movida da aRarmidis Cndeba, upirvelesad sifrTxile, arakeTilmosurneoba,zogjer siZulvili ucxosadmi, romelicmovida da aRar midis. Semdeg es vrceldeba mosulebzean dampyroblebze. gansakuTrebiT mZafrdeba maSin,rodesac mosuli mravldeba da amiT icvlebademografiuli suraTi. umalve Tavs iCens qsenofobia(Мы и они, 2007).qsenofobia – mkveTrad dapirispirebuli “Cvenisini”_ yofs sazogadoebas. aq ikveTeba sxvisi saxe,xdeba Cvenianebis da sxvebis gamijvna. Cvenianebis dasxvebis gansxvaveba isaxeba kulturaSi, romelSicSedis naTesaoba, ojaxi, religia, materialurikultura da a.S., anu “Cvens” aqvs Tavisi samyaro, `maTac~Tavisi samyaro, romelic SefuTulia kulturiT.“Cven _ isinis” dapirispirebaze eTnikuri, socialuri,ekonomikuri, kulturuli distanciebi moqmedebs.kulturuli konfliqti, sxva konfliqtebisagangansxvavebiT, specifikuria swored Tavisi ideologiuriganpirobebulobiT, Sefasebis poziciebis SeuTavseblobiT,msoflmxedvelobrivi da religiuri normebiT,ganwyobis normebiT da ama Tu im socialurad mniSvnelovanimoqmedebis ganxorcielebis wesebiTa da a.S.kulturul konfliqtSi xdeba sakuTari Rirebulebebisgadasinjva da ucxo Rirebulebebis SefasebasakuTari Rirebulebebidan gamomdinare. swored amisgamo kompromisi konfliqtSi monawileTa SorisgaZnelebulia. kulturuli konfliqtis dros xdebakulturuli teqstebis gansxvavebuli Sefaseba dainterpretacia, romelTa upiratesoba is aris, romisini opozitivs warmoadgenen _ an `Cvenia~, an `sxvisi~_ da ara `Cveni da sxvisi~. arCeviToba, ra Tqma unda,yovelTvis `Cvenis~ sasargeblod ixreba. sazogadoebisyoveli jgufi icavs `Cvens~ da ewinaaRmdegeba `sxvas~.eTnikuri jgufi, rogorc eTnikuri daZabulobisfenomenologiuri velis koncepti, aris samyaroSiyvela cocxali organizmisTvis universaluri366 367