socialuri usafrTxoebis eTnikuri aspeqtebi polieTnikur sazogadoebaSi

socialuri erToba, sruliad gansxvavebuli fenomenia.eTnikur umciresobaSi sociologebi da eTnologebigulisxmoben ara marto eTnikuri jgufis raodenobrivsimcires, aramed mocemul sociumSi jgufisdaqvemdebarebis xasiaTs. magaliTad, eTnosociologiaSieTnikuri umciresobis qveS igulisxmeba iseTnikuri jgufebi, romelnic garkveuli TaviseburebiTxasiaTdebian, kerZod: jgufebi eqvemdebarebian e.w. dominantur jgufs,aqvT naklebi Zalaufleba da privilegiebi; sazogadoebaSi maT mimarT aris specifikuridamokidebuleba, rac diskriminaciaSi gamoixateba; qorwineba, rogorc wesi, endogamiur xasiaTsatarebs; umciresobis wevrebi acnobiereben sakuTardaqvemdebarebul statuss.gasaTvaliswinebelia is garemoeba, rom sazogadod,kategoria eTnikuri umciresoba gulisxmobs jgufebsSoris farul Tu gamovlenil dapirispirebas, eTnikurijgufis wevrebis garkveul socialur poziciasa daganwyobebs. gansxvavebul socialur jgufebs Sorisdamokidebulebebi gansazRvrulia ara wevrebisraodenobiT, aramed sazogadoebis ierarqiaSi am“umciresobis” adgiliT” (Налчаджян, 2004: 92). umciresobisstatusi garkveulwilad zRudavs umciresobaSimyofi adamianebis SesaZleblobaTa realizacias.zemoT naTqvamidan gamomdinare, ekomigrantebisjgufebma, romelTac sakuTari qveynis teritoriazefizikuri garemo Seicvales, amgvari cvlilebisparalelurad, regionSi sruliad axali, ucxo,“umciresobis” socialuri statusi SeiZines. aq undagamoikveTos is ZiriTadi mimarTuleba, romelicSemdgom urTierTobebs ganapirobebs. is, romfaqtobrivad qarTulma mosaxleobam _ svaneTis daaWaris macxovreblebma _ dominanturi jgufisstatusidan umciresobis, anu daqvemdebarebulijgufis statusSi gadainacvles, mniSvnelovnadamZimebs situacias. samSobloSi, sakuTar teritoriaze,“umciresobis” statusSi gadanacvlebisas saxezegvaqvs ori mniSvnelovani komponentis erToblioba:adilmdebareobisa da socialuri statusis cvalebadoba.es ukanaskneli, rogorc aRvniSneT, ganxorcielebuliasamSoblos farglebSi. amave dros, samSoblosfenomeni, sxvadasxva gancdiseul komponentebTanerTad, Seicavs rTul gaSinagnebul gancdas, imisSegrZnebas, rom es adgili, es teritoria Cemia, aq Cemienaa, Cemi xalxia, aq daculi var. “samSoblo~ xdebaistoriuli mexsierebisa da asociaciebis sacavi,adgili, sadac “Cveni” brZeni winaprebi, wmindanebi dagmirebi cxovrobdnen, Sromobdnen, loculobdnen daibrZodnen. yovelive amis gamo mSobliuri miwaunikaluri xdeba. igi sakralur mniSvnelobas iZens.rogorc e. smiTi aRniSnavs, “avtarqia~ nakarnaxeviarogorc samSoblos interesebis dacviT, aseveekonomikuri interesebiTac (smiTi, 2008: 2009: 12).rogorc samSoblos fenomenis fsiqologiurmakvlevam uCvena, “samSoblo aris Cemi da Cem msgavsTaTandayolilad mocemuli daculad yofnis adgili,romelTanac xorcieldeba Cemi identoba” (gomelauri,2001: 31). am teritoriis gancdis farglebSi, rac “Cemia”da ara sxvisi, me var daculi, daculia Cemi “me”,radganac es “mes” teritoriaa. samSoblos gancdaSifizikuri sivrce gaSinagnebulia, Serwymulia da,amdenad, yovelnairi cvalebadoba mZimed ganicdeba.amasTanave, saxezea mtris mimarT Zlieri agresia. exebaes adgilobriv, ZirZvel mosaxleobas Tu e.w. adgilnacvalsubieqts, iqneba es ekomigranti Tu Cveulebrivimigranti. igive teritoriaze moiazreba damxvduricTavisi fsiqologiuri Tu kulturaluri specifikiTda miseuli “Cemi miwis” gancdiT. “Camosuli imigrantebisaTvismimRebi qveyana, Cven SemTxvevaSi samSoblosteritoriis sxva geografiuli adgili, sxva regioni304 305