socialuri usafrTxoebis eTnikuri aspeqtebi polieTnikur sazogadoebaSi

leboda, rogorc `berZnuli Temi”. am `Temma”, romelSicSedioda aTobiT sxvadasxva warmomavlobis xalxi,eTnikuri TviTSegneba Secvala religiuriT. amitomsxvadasxva enaze molaparakeni iTvlebodnen qristianebad.giorgi Citaias azriT, maTSi mniSvnelovanprocents Seadgendnen qarTvelebi, kerZod, lazebi(Читая, 1948: 179; Пашаева, 1971: 475-486).TurqeTidan ltolvilni, ZiriTadad, walkis r-nSiCasaxldnen. Camosaxleba 3 etapad ganxorcielda:I jgufi _ 1829 w. seqtemberSi giumiSxanidan wamovida28 ojaxi, madenidan _ 32 ojaxi, baiburTidan dayarsidan 25 ojaxi (sul 85 ojaxi). adgilze Cavidnen1830 w. gazafxulze. es nakadi miwaTmoqmedTaganSedgeboda. isini miwebiT kargad uzrunvelyves. axal-Camosulebi dasaxldnen walkasa da mangliss Soris,beSTaSenSi, anu keCetSi. es sofeli pirvelia, romelicmigrantebma daasaxles, rac daadastura l. faSaevasmier Sekrebilma eTnografiulma masalam.berZenTa II jgufi gadmosaxlda erzrumis safa-Sodan, sof. baSkevidan. dasaxldnen dangreul qarTulnasaxlar axalSenSi, romelsac uwodes baSkev-kendigi.III jgufi gadmosaxlda erzrumis safaSos sxvadasxvasanjayebidan 1830 w. mais-ivnisSi; dasaxldnenwalkis teritoriaze _ nasoflarebSi.IV jgufs Seadgenda 10 qarTuli ojaxi ardaganissanjayidan, sof. velidan (1831 w.) _ dasaxldnen sof.rexaSi.enobrivi niSniT berZnebi iyofodnen berZnulenovanad,anu elinofonebad da Turqulenovanurumebad. pirvelni metyvelebdnen berZnulis ponturdialeqtze, romlis formireba VI-VII ss. moxda.berZnulad termini `ponto” niSnavs zRvas, aseve _zRvispirs da qveyanasac. antikuri tradiciiT igigamoiyeneboda garkveuli teritoriis gansasazRvrad_Savi zRvis samxreT-aRmosavleT sanapiroze, sadacZv. w. VI s. berZnebma daaarses soflebi: trapezundi,kerasoni, amisosi. am teritorias, herodotedan moyolebuli,wyaroebSi moxseniebuli ponti ewodeba da iqelinebTan erTad qarTvelebic cxovrobdnen dasaubrobdnen pontur dialeqtze.walkis raionSi pontur dialeqtze, e. i. berZnulad,saubroben soflebis: sanTas, neoxarabas, gumbaTisda tarsonis mcxovreblebi.walkis raionis berZenTa ZiriTadi masa maincTurqulenovani urumebia. isini saubroben Turqulienis aRmosavlur anatoliur dialeqtze (Пашаева, 1988:156).termini `urumi~ warmoiSva laTinuri fuZidan`roma” (Roma), rac niSnavs aRmosavleT romis imperiisqveSevrdoms, anu masSi igulisxmebian Turqebis mierdapyrobili bizantiuri provinciebis mcxovrebni,miuxedavad maTi eTnikuri warmoSobisa (Пашаева, 1992:17-18, 60).urumebi walkis raionis Semdeg soflebSicxovroben: xadiki, gunia-yala, Taqilisa, ediqilisa,jinisi, avranlo, xando, beSTaSeni, baiburTi, baSkovi,livadi, yarakomi, olianka da sxv.dmanisis r-nSi _ pontur dialeqtze mosaubreberZnebi gamosulni arian yarsis soflebidan da aqcxovroben soflebSi: sakire, gora; urumebi cxovrobensof. sarkineTSi, ganaxlebaSi, velispirSi.TeTriwyaros raionis sof. winwyaroSi cxovrobenurumebi; elinofonebi (pontur dialeqtzemosaubre berZnebi) cxovroben soflebSi: ivanovka,patara da didi iraga, jigraSeni, vizirovka, aleqseevka.marneulis r-nSi _ sof. ofreTSi cxovrobenberZnulad molaparake (elinofoni) migrantebi.saarqivo monacemebze dayrdnobiT dadginda, rom5000-mde berZeni Camosaxlda 1829-1839 ww. dRevandeliwalkisa da TeTriwyaros raionebis teritoriebze(v. jaoSvili, 1984, 80).58 59