The Turco-Mongol Invasions and the Lords of Armenia in the 13 ...

formal taxes had been imposed on Armenia, the conquerors
contenting themselves instead with the rich booty and
plunder to be had from the many areas taken by military
force . But the sources maintain that in 1243 by command
HAP III ch . 36 pp. 614-27, I.H.Babayan, "Hayastana
mon^olakan tirapetut van ara.iin arlfanum [Armenia in
the First Perioa of the Mongol Domination]", p. 617?
SEPHA pp. 119-26; Kirakos has a number of valuable remarks
about early Mongol administrative-fiscal policies in
Armenia and Georgia prior to Arehun's census of 1243/44.
When speaking about the battle for certain eastern Armenian
fortresses in 1236, he says: "Meanwhile the army of
foreigners battled with the fortresses. Those inside them
unwillingly provided the Mongols with horses, livestock
and whatever else they demanded. The Mongols placed taxes
over them and left them in their name" (KG p. 243). Clip.
24 describes the capture of Vanakan vardapet and his student,
the author himself. When the Mongols were beseiging the
cave where Vanakan was holed up, the following message
was relayed: "Prom outside the enemies shouted; 'Why do
you want to die? Come out to us, we shall give you overseers
and leave you in your places'. They repeated this
a second and third time, with pledges" (KG p. 244). Upon
the conclusion of Molar-noyin's interview with Vanakan,
"Molar-noyin ordered him to bring down the people of the
fortress there fearlessly and he promised that each wouldf
be left in his place with his overseers and that he would"
build villages and fields (agaraks) in his name" (KG p. 246).
Some of the captives, however, such as Kirakos and Vanakan
were not "left in their places": "...Then they selected
men from among us who could go about with them. The
rest they ordered taken to the monastery and to the village
and left their overseers there so that no one else would
search them" (KG p. 248). That same year (1236) the Mongols
took Lori whose prince, Sahnlah had fled: "They discovered
the treasures of prince Sahnsah which those obedient to him
had taken and robbed, and the T'at'ara constructed there
a sturdy treasury which no one could see, since they made
the mouth of the pit narrow enough that it was sufficient
only for casting treasure in, but not for taking anything
out" (KG p. 253). "...Then they came to Sebastia and
since the inhabitants of the city had surrendered in
advance—coming out to them with gifts and presents—no
one was blamed, although a part of the city was looted.
Conquering the city in their own name they set up overseers
and left" (KG p. 283). VA and SO have nothing to say
on this topic.
Grigor Aknerc'i's first mention of an administrative deed
11?