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The Turco-Mongol Invasions and the Lords of Armenia in the 13 ...

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Saljuq architecture not only took aome <strong>of</strong> its <strong>in</strong>spiration<br />

from <strong>Armenia</strong>n ecclesiastical <strong>and</strong> civil structures which<br />

graced <strong>and</strong> still grace <strong>the</strong> l<strong>and</strong>scape <strong>of</strong> eastern Asia<br />

M<strong>in</strong>or, but <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> 11-<strong>13</strong>th centuries, many <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> structures<br />

<strong>the</strong>mselves were designed <strong>and</strong> constructed by Christian<br />

<strong>and</strong> Muslim <strong>Armenia</strong>ns .<br />

By<br />

<strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 12th century<br />

<strong>Armenia</strong> was well on <strong>the</strong> way to absorb<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> transform<strong>in</strong>g<br />

its newest residents.<br />

<strong>The</strong> emergence <strong>of</strong> Georgia as a great military power<br />

<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> late ll-12th centuries radically shifted <strong>the</strong> balance<br />

scales <strong>in</strong> favor <strong>of</strong> complete Caucasian cultural as well<br />

as political supremacy <strong>in</strong> eastern Asia M<strong>in</strong>or. Thanks to<br />

Georgia, much <strong>of</strong> historical <strong>Armenia</strong> once aga<strong>in</strong> came under<br />

<strong>Armenia</strong>n political control-though briefly-<strong>and</strong> those<br />

parts that were not, were ei<strong>the</strong>r tributary to Georgia<br />

or had made peace with that stats. Beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> reign<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Georgian Bagratid monarch David II, called "<strong>the</strong><br />

Builder" (1089-1125), <strong>the</strong> armies <strong>of</strong> Georgia commenced<br />

clear<strong>in</strong>g sou<strong>the</strong>rn <strong>and</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>astern Georgia <strong>of</strong> nomadic Turk-<br />

mens, captur<strong>in</strong>g from <strong>the</strong>m Samaoylde <strong>and</strong> many strongholds<br />

<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Armeno-Georgian district <strong>of</strong> Somxit'i (1110) ; Lol-e<br />

1<br />

DMH p. 236 n. 563. One might also compare <strong>the</strong> style<br />

<strong>of</strong> dome characteristic <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armenia</strong>n churches-<strong>the</strong> gabet'to<br />

<strong>the</strong> Saljuq kunpets <strong>and</strong> turbgs. Compare e.g., plates<br />

15,16,17 <strong>in</strong> S. iter Nersessian's <strong>The</strong> <strong>Armenia</strong>ns (New York ,<br />

1970)to PT p. 394 Pi. 24, p. 395"pl. 30 , p. 402 pi. 34,<br />

p. 403 pi. 35.

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