The Turco-Mongol Invasions and the Lords of Armenia in the 13 ...

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Moule, A.C., Christians in China before lg£Q (New York, 1930). Movsesean, L., "Histoire des rois Kuriklan de Lori", P. Hacler, trans., REA (1927). Huradyan, P.M., "Yrac'eren arjanaerut 'yunner Hayastanum Pinjahank' [Georgian Inscriptions in Armenia: Pinjahank-]". Lraber #1 (1973). Mulelyan, X.A., "Dramayin srltanafrut 'yuna Hayastanum IX-XIV darerum tThe Circulation of Money in Armenia in the IX-XlVth Centuries]", PBH #4(1971). Orbeli. I. A., "h'Asan Dzhalal kniaz' Khachenskil CHasan Jalal, Prince of"7a{en7". Izves'tiia imp.~lN (1909). Oskanyant A.M. . "Asxaragrakan determinizma bay patmagrut *yan me5 [Geographical Determinism in Armenian Historiography]", Oskean, H., "Kirakos Ganjakec'i", HA (1922). "Vardan Arewelc'i", HA (1921). Perikhanyan, A., "Prevnearmianskie vostaniki [The ostanik*s in Ancient Armenia]". VJI #2 (1956). Petoyan, V., "Sasuni T'ofnikyan iixanut'yuna [The T'ornikean Principality of'"Sa8un]11'. Teieka'HrH^~(1955). Petrowicz, G., "Miabano^ e^bayrnera ew Hay ekelec'in [The Uniators and the ArmenianThurch]", HA TT969). P'irlalemean, i., Kotark' havoc *(Constantinople. 1888). Sahinyan, A., "Mamikonyan-Hamazaspyan tohma Hayastanum XII-XIII darerum [The Mamikonean-Hamazaspean Clan of Northern Armenia in the XII-XIII Centuries]", Lraber #3 (1968). 506
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Page 1 and 2:
This is an authorized facsimile and
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INFORMATION TO USERS This was produ
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ABSTRACT TEE TURCO-MONGOL INVASIONS
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socio-economic and political histor
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INTRODUCTION The history of Greater
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If the history of 13-l4tfa century
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In recent times a number of Armenia
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themselves. In this case, as in cha
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This study, therefore, provides inf
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ut precisely that narrow scope and
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nobility. Nonetheless, their works
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al-Athir bad little to say about Ar
Page 25 and 26:
their Church . Considerably less im
Page 27 and 28:
Accounts made by four 13-l4tb centu
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at the beginning and toward the end
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in the year 1241/42 (690 A.E. )„.
Page 33 and 34:
Ganjakee'i's Hiatory of Armenia is
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the Diane Abaga and Berke (1266/67)
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?snakan, and to the prince of princ
Page 39 and 40:
from personal acquaintance with the
Page 41 and 42:
year of Step'annos' birth is not kn
Page 43 and 44:
In chapter 73 of the History the au
Page 45 and 46:
to Cilicia, he wrote; ...But when S
Page 47 and 48:
The HNA differs from the works of o
Page 49 and 50:
.that Grigor learned the meanings o
Page 51 and 52:
y his student Xirakos Banaser (the
Page 53 and 54:
The History of Tamerlane and His Su
Page 55 and 56:
more important even than Samuel's o
Page 57 and 58:
In addition to the more lengthy chr
Page 59 and 60:
Colophons of the 13-l4th Centuries
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Inscriptions The late 13th century
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eastern Asia Minor further enchance
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Of the various sources considered t
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It was mentioned at the beginning o
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The major Georgian soureea, the His
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CHAPTER TWO ARMENIA AND THE TURCO-M
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earliest references to Turkish atta
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15C000 Turkmens from the Urmiah are
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Just as the Turkish conquests of Ar
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differentiation it remains true, no
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northward (into Georgia) . The naxa
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and overwhelmingly Armenian in the
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members and these "fiefdoms" quickl
Page 87 and 88:
p. The politleal, social and econom
Page 89 and 90:
The establishment of Turkish politi
Page 91 and 92:
them "Armenians" . However, it must
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8 the Saljuq sultans and rulers of
Page 95 and 96:
Saljuq architecture not only took a
Page 97 and 98:
9 Maakaberdelle not only commanded
Page 99 and 100:
Th» great demographic, military, a
Page 101 and 102:
9 before the Georgians (HP p. 50).
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his pursuers and had, in fact, died
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97 first penetration of the Mongols
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etrospect, this Mongol campaign, co
Page 109 and 110:
different parts of the Caucasus unt
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said: 'This is not the work of man
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of Ganjak, Lori, and Tiflis in whic
Page 115 and 116:
had lasted seven years. Not only di
Page 117 and 118:
However, none of the enemy entered
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As will be aeen in the next chapter
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their base in Azarbaijan, but retur
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The defeat of the Saljuqs at K3se D
Page 125 and 126:
formal taxes had been imposed on Ar
Page 127 and 128:
of the Great Khan Gtiytik himself,
Page 129 and 130:
king wanted to rebel with all the p
Page 131 and 132:
causes of the unrest remained unadd
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Another administrative change occur
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This unruly group also caused much
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Dawit', son of Lasa, who was subjec
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During the reign of Htilegtt'a son
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their particular districts were exp
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sons and all his company of soldier
Page 145 and 146:
It is a known fact that at the time
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Hie depredations in Georgia and Arm
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Among the ephemeral changes institu
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Following the death of Abu Sa'id in
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north to Khan Jani-3eg of the Golde
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eturned north via Shirvan. With the
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either the registers were extermina
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The country hardly had recovered fr
Page 161 and 162:
Although the focus of this chapter
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hope for protection, or even for eq
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Toumanoff . Host important, the ess
Page 167 and 168:
It is not .our purpose here (and in
Page 169 and 170:
inscription (1215) of one meeatun.
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Unlike the territorial units of Ars
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165 Under the jurisdiction of atabe
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married to Vaxt'ang lord of lagen d
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The Kaxarars and the Invasions of t
Page 179 and 180:
was unwilling . The Armenian and Ge
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ut at least in one instance, the po
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Mongols is recounted variously by t
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GA: "Thereafter when the wise princ
Page 187 and 188:
enriched specifically after crushin
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In theory as well as in practice, t
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...How [the Khan] gave to king Davi
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MSngke: ...With Sartakh was the pio
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Some naxarara—notably those enjoy
Page 197 and 198:
elc'i, HttlegU utilized Armenian me
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During the Mongol domination de-nax
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Aibula Gageli, and Sargls T'mogveli
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expendable, they usually designated
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military man XarsayiS Orbelean by A
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troops remained on alert in Mughan
Page 209 and 210:
next year, Zak'are was murdered „
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The initial Mongol expedition of 12
Page 213 and 214:
elements in the army learned about
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villages around Melitene/Malatya ,
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part* of the Armenian highlands, at
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itions of Nauruz (1295/96) during t
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Hat* was captured by Turkmans in 13
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and western Armenia were used almos
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dinars ae set down in the registers
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Bayburt and Sebastia/SivasJ Qara-Qo
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lands to religious establishments u
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_ Remember too that your brother, t
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come to his aid against the lurk, a
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through Naxijewan, Juia, through A*
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is Italy are not unknown. In the 14
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The sane may be true of Malak'ia's
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The Timurids forced certain princes
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in aouthweatern Armenia in the earl
Page 245 and 246:
At the beginning of this chapter it
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CONCLUSION Thia study has examined
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destroy and move on had to be fough
Page 251 and 252:
The nobility of the Zak'arid reviva
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..cOur own analysis justifies [Zore
Page 255 and 256:
submerged by the egalitariansio of
Page 257 and 258:
APPENDIX A Supplementary Hotea on t
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er hayreneac * iwroc * yawura nora)
Page 261 and 262:
The emigration of Armenians to Geor
Page 263 and 264: to counter Orbelean influence by ad
Page 265 and 266: The Armenophile David III who ruled
Page 267 and 268: While the study concerns the 13-14t
Page 269 and 270: eparapet" in the sources . As Babay
Page 271 and 272: Xalbakean-Froeeani. Babayan reasona
Page 273 and 274: Patron Xawfas, son of Aair Sargis,
Page 275 and 276: 1291 to 1318 a system of collegial
Page 277 and 278: Sfflbat may have had elements of an
Page 279 and 280: The birth of their son Demitre crea
Page 281 and 282: the king's action, reminiscent of E
Page 283 and 284: According to the History of K'art *
Page 285 and 286: especially those living and working
Page 287 and 288: A third source of conflict came fro
Page 289 and 290: APPENDIX C Hotea on the Relations b
Page 291 and 292: his student Kirakos, and many other
Page 293 and 294: were possessed by devils and were s
Page 295 and 296: fhe fact that Hasan, subsequently "
Page 297 and 298: impostor claimed that: ...he had be
Page 299 and 300: la my opinion, the lord mentioned a
Page 301 and 302: I. Sources Bibliography AL Aristake
Page 303 and 304: Ibn Bibi Ibn Bibi, Die Seltsohukeng
Page 305 and 306: Trans. : Collection d1historians ar
Page 307 and 308: II. Literature Abelyan, M., Erker [
Page 309 and 310: 301 Sotsial 'no-akonomicheskaia i p
Page 311 and 312: Galatyan, A.G., "The Conquest of Ar
Page 313: Manandyan, H.A., Feodalizma hin Hay
Page 317 and 318: 'uriyan, H.G., "Sah-i-Armenner CThe
Page 319 and 320: amir-hejub amir-spaaalar kat'oiikos
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