The Turco-Mongol Invasions and the Lords of Armenia in the 13 ...

first three decades of the 15th century. It describes
the impact on Armenian economic, intellectual and religious
life of this dismal and nightmarish period of mass
exterminations, mass deportations, and the forced and
voluntary apostasy of the population .
Chronograph!ea and Hagiographical Literature
In addition to the longer literary histories reviewed
above, a number of chronographical works and medieval
martyrdoms also are important for an examination of the
invasions and the lords of the 13-14.th centuries. Of the
chronographies, some are rather extensive, lengthy works,
others are quite short. The more lengthy works include
Samuel of Ani's Chronography. Mxit'ar Ayrivanec'i'a Chronology
and Smbat Sparapet's Chronicle. Samuel, the first of the
three was a 12th century cleric from Ani whose chronicle
ends in 1179/80 ^.
However, for the purposes of this study,
1 Unfortunately no critical edition of T'ovma'a work exists.
The Armenian text was published by X. Sahnazarean in Paris
in 1860t I have not seen the modern Armenian translation
by A. Ter-Yovhanniseanc' (Jerusalem, 1873). Subsequently
the classical text was translated into Trench by Felix
Neve and published twice: first in JA (1855) PP. 221-81;
second as a separate book in 1861. *Sahnazarean's Armenian
text was translated into English by the present writer.
2 Almost nothing is known about the author of this chronicle.
In hig list of source, Kirakos Ganjakec'i mentions him as
"Samuel the priest of the cathedral of Ani"(KG p. 8). Vardan
Arewelc'i, recalling noteworthy Armenian clerics of the 12th
century speaks of "Samuel, presbyter of the land, Anec'i,
who compiled a chronicle" (VA oh. 69 p. 121). In the body
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