2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS TO KEEP LAYING HENSA1.2.2.1. Main producers/packersThe Belgian packing industry is made up of some 150 packers. The majority of the larger packersoperate solely as packers but two of the largest (Belovo and Lodewickx) are also egg processors.One of the larger packers, Euroei also has extensive production capacity estimated at some 200,000layers, some 75% of all eggs packed. The sector is relatively unconcentrated with the top 4companies estimated to pack some 25-30% of Belgian egg output and the top 8 companies packingbetween 40-50% of output. Data on the market shares for the top eight companies was not availableand Table A1.6 therefore presents the largest eight packers in alphabetical order. It is estimated thatthe next 40 companies' pack a further 30% of output with the balance being accounted for byapproximately 100 mainly farm based units.Table A1.6: Belgium, top 8 egg packersRankn.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.n.a.CompanyBelovoDe KeysersEuroeiHof ter LindKempische EierhandelLodewickxLouwersVerhelstA1.2.2.2. Main production systemsThe predominant mode of production is in traditional caged systems which accounted for 95.5% ofthe number of laying hens in 2001. In this year 2.8% of hens were held deep litter systems(grundhuisvesting) although this percentage is estimated to have risen to some 8% in 2003. Freerange systems account for 1.2% of hens in 2001 and there was almost no production percherysystems (volierehuisvesting). Since the early 1990s the share of hens in alternative productionsystems has risen gradually from a base of 1.75% in 1991. We understand that there are only sixproducers of organic eggs. It was indicated that there was no use of enriched cages except on anexperimental basis.118
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS TO KEEP LAYING HENSTable A1.7: Evolution of laying hen numbers by system 1990-2001Caged Free Range Semi-intensive Deep litter Perchery Total layinghens1990 10,486,422 1,400 8,814 218,035 77,309 10,792,0001991 11,287,441 5,317 17,596 137,059 41,107 11,287,4411992 11,696,957 5,774 21,824 145,240 32,205 11,696,9571993 12,305,592 5,774 43,752 127,922 22,960 12,305,5921994 12,055,874 8,725 29,057 159,259 24,085 12,055,8741995 12,225,022 4,465 28,117 212,872 21,524 12,225,0221996 12,104,080 18,337 20,742 209,263 9,538 12,104,0801997 13,936,908 28,217 21,052 282,370 8,607 13,936,9081998 14,351,451 60,756 14,891 266,457 10,387 14,351,4511999 16,175,178 71,760 29,844 275,468 10,142 16,175,1782000 12,104,242 96,836 36,129 378,573 8,838 12,104,2422001 12,329,981 156,042 59,026 364,102 9,849 12,329,981Sources: DG Agri, Agricultural Situation in the Community and Agra CEAS Consulting.A1.2.2.3. Technical dataThe technical factors achieved do vary from producer to producer and key to this is thesophistication and scale of the system used. An enriched cage system on a trial station was visited inBelgium, the performance of which the industry believes can be matched by other producers as theyincrease scale and invest in modern control equipment. Data from this trial is presented below.Table A1.8: Performance comparison of egg production systems in use in Belgium(2003)Traditional cages Enriched cage BarnLaying cycle (days) 392 392 392Empty period (days) 21 21 21Feed/bird/year (Kg) 40.95 40.71 45.89Feed/bird/day (g) 112 111 125Eggs/bird/year (collected) 282 285 266Kg feed per kg eggs 2.24 2.20 2.66Mortality (%) 6.2% 4.0% 9.3%Number of hens managed/labourer 50,000 50,000 15,000Hens housed per m2 house 50 12 12Space allowance per hen per cm2 550 750 0Pullet cost (Euro) 2.90 3.15 2.90End of lay hen weight Kg n/a n/a n/aEnd of lay hen price (Euro) 0.05 0.05 0.05Source: Industry estimates.119
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