2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS TO KEEP LAYING HENS9080Large, fragmented sectorFranceLarge, concentrated sector70Number of laying hens (millions)60504030GermanyEU-15NetherlandsItalySpainUKSmall, fragmented sector20Small, concentrated sectorBelgiumGreece10AustriaPortugalIrelandDenmarkSwedenFinland0- 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000Average flock sizeFigure 2.11: Number of laying hens versus average flock sizeNote: average flock size excludes flocks with less than 100 hens.Source: EU Farm Structure Survey (2000).Figure 2.12 presents the number of producers versus average flock size. This allows classificationaccording to concentration without reference to total flock size. Under this classification, Swedenand Finland join the UK and the Netherlands as the most concentrated sectors, i.e. the sector withthe least producers and the largest average flocks. The egg sectors in France, Italy and Spain are alsoconcentrated, but have a larger producer base. Greece and Portugal have the largest producer basesand the smallest average flock sizes suggesting that they have large, fragmented egg sectors. Ireland,Belgium, Denmark, Austria and Germany have smaller than average producer numbers and are alsorelatively fragmented.14
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS TO KEEP LAYING HENS1000GreeceLarge producer base,fragmented structureItalyLarge producer base,concentrated structureNumber of producers (thousands) (logarithmic scale)10010IrelandAustriaBelgiumPortugalGermanyDenmarkEU-15FranceSwedenSpainUK1Small producer base,fragmented structure- 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000Average flock sizeFinlandNetherlandsSmall producer base,concentrated structureFigure 2.12: Number of producers versus average flock sizeNote: average flock size excludes flocks with less than 100 hens.Source: EU Farm Structure Survey (2000).2.1.2. Egg industryThe general structure of the industry varies greatly between Member States and is partially reflectedby the varying concentration levels at different points in the marketing chain. In some countriessubstantial portions of this chain are integrated in that pullet rearing, feed supply, production,processing and marketing to the retailer are all in the hands of a single company or co-operative.Prime examples of this would be Deutsche Frühstücksei in Germany, Eurovo in Italy, Deans Foods inthe UK and Danæg A/S in Denmark all of which own and pack a significant proportion of nationalproduction, packing and processing as well as generally having their own pullet rearing and feedcompounding capacity.At the other end of the scale would be countries like Portugal and Greece where a relativelyfragmented production structure is accompanied by a marked lack of concentration at the packerlevel. In other countries such as Austria, producer groups play a significant role in the marketing ofthe eggs. In most countries, however, packer concentration is relatively low and producers willeither own their own packing station or have arrangements to sell to independent packers who willbundle supplies on short-term supply or price contracts from a relatively limited number ofproducers.15
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