2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS TO KEEP LAYING HENS100%90%80%Percentage of all laying hens70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%1990 1993 1995 1997 2000Figure A1.25: France Evolution of proportion of laying hens by flock size 1990 to 2000Source: ZMP 2004.1-99 100-2,999 3,000-9,999 10,000-29,999 over 29,999A1.5.2.1. Main producers/packersIt is understood that 80% of egg production is marketed under three brands. The largest packers inFrance are Matines, AFPRO and Oeufs de Nos Villages. Most eggs are sold by producers toindependent packers on long term (5 year) contracts with prices renegotiated annually.A1.5.2.2. Production (packer) concentrationIn 2002 the egg packing stations processed some 13.1 million eggs. The number of packing stations hasdiminished drastically since 1990 when there were 1,284 stations to 542 in 2002. In 2002 71 of thesestations packed more than 50 million eggs each accounting for 72% of the total number of eggspacked. The eggs from each type of production sold by the packing stations in 2002 were: 83.7% eggsfrom traditional cages, 10.7% free range eggs, 4.3% organic eggs and 1.6% barn eggs.166
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS TO KEEP LAYING HENSTable A1.27: Packer concentration and egg sales by production system, 1990-20021990 1995 2000 2001 2002Packing activity 1284 649 594 561 542More than 50mn eggsNumber of packers 47 61 71 70 71% of packers 57 61 70 71 72Consumption eggs sales (‘000eggs)10.7 11.2 11.5 11.4 11.6Organic 4.0% 4.4% 4.3%Free range 9.2% 10.6% 10.7%Barn 1.2% 1.1% 1.6%Cages 85.6% 83.8% 83.7%Source: ITAVIA1.5.2.3. Main production systemsDuring the 1980s in response to growing demand for eggs produced in alternative systems withoutdoor access, two new systems emerge. These were “plein air” (2.5 m 2 per hen or 4,000 hens perhectare) and “libre parcours” – or free range (10m 2 per hen or 1,000 hens per hectare). In 2002 thesetwo production systems were merged in the “plein air” system. Recently, the organic system and the“label rouge” 75 (at least 5 m 2 per hen) system have also been developing. The latter is similar to “pleinair”, but with feed constraints similar to those of organic.In 2002, the total number of hens kept in alternative systems was estimated at 7.8-7.9 mn, of which1.327 mn came from organic production, 1.235 mn in the “label rouge” system, 4.570 million in thestandard “plein air” system and 800,000 in the deep litter system 76 . Assuming a total flock of 61.4 mnhens the total number of hens kept in alternative systems would corresponded to 12.7% of the Frenchflock in 2002.75 A quality assurance mark.76 The source for the 2002 numbers in text is ITAVI. These numbers do not fully correspond with those from Eurostat167
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