2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSThis practice is no longer possible following the introduction of production system labelling on eggswhich should match the labelling on the pack.600,000500,000Difference in eggs delivered and sold (in '000 eggs)400,000300,000200,000100,00001990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002Free Range Deep litter/perchery All alternative systemsFigure A1.86: Difference between eggs delivered and sold by alternative system 1990-2002Source: DG Agri.It should be noted that the end of ‘cascading’, i.e. the end of the ability to move eggs from higherprice alternative systems into the retail chain as conventional caged output, as a result of the changedmarketing requirements may well have an adverse impact on the returns producers in suchalternative systems can obtain.A1.15.2.4. Technical dataTechnical data have been calculated from a range of industry estimates and are presented in TableA1.127. There are a number of points that need elaboration:Contributors are producing at different scales and degrees of automation (with an obviousimpact on the number of hens that can be managed per labourer) and with different objectives.For example, one producer operates a very long laying cycle and uses the outgrade eggsproduced towards the end of the period for processing. This producer therefore provides an320
APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSupward bias on the laying cycle for both traditional and enrichable 144 cage production. Anotherimplication of this is the lower number of eggs collected in the enriched system.The difference between the caged systems in terms of pullet cost is a function of the pricesexperienced by the producers contributing data and there is no reason in reality why theseshould be different.Finally, hens housed per square metre of floor space is a function of space allowance per bird andthe number of tiers. Whilst the space allowance per bird is higher in the enriched cage system,there is no reason why the number of tiers should differ, although they do in the systemsexamined.Although the technical specifications differ between the two caged systems, this is a result of theway in which data have been averaged from multiple sources. The only real difference inperformance between the two systems noted by the supplier of this information was in mortalityrate with a lower rate in the enrichable system.Table A1.127: Performance comparison of egg production systems in use in the UK(2003) (prices in € at £ = €1.48358)TraditionalcagesEnrichablecagesBarn Free-range OrganicLaying cycle (days) 406 424 392 392 396Empty period (days) 18 18 21 19 21Feed/bird/year (Kg) 40.98 40.91 44.86 47.84 48.04Feed/bird/day (g) 115 115 125 133 135Eggs/bird/year (collected) 282 274 261 265 246Kg feed per kg eggs 2.33 2.39 2.75 2.89 3.14Mortality (%) 4.3% 4.0% 7.3% 7.8% 10.8%Number of hens managed/labourer 55,000 72,500 14,333 9,230 5,250Hens housed per m 2 house 72 95 12 12 9Space allowance per hen per cm 2 550 630 855 855 1,111Pullet cost (€) 3.51 3.41 3.75 3.88 3.93End of lay hen weight Kg 1.89 1.90 1.87 2.10 1.85End of lay hen price (€) -0.10 -0.07 -0.11 -0.12 -0.10Notes: some data have been converted from laying cycle to year to correct for thediffering lengths of laying cycle by system.The enriched system is currently operating at 630 cm 2 per bird, but can be increased to 750 cm 2 by removing a panel,although this will reduce the number of bids in a given area by 20%. The cost of this would be just under €3/bird. The cost of organic pullets will increase when organic standards stipulate use of organic rearing of pullets (due witheffect from January 2005).Source: British Egg Industry Council, industry estimates and Agra CEAS Consulting calculations.A1.15.2.5. Production costsVariable costs of production are presented in Table A1.128. Based on the technical factorspresented in Section A1.15.2.4, there is an additional cost for feed in the alternative systems. The144 The ‘enrichable’ system in use currently operates at a space requirement of 630 cm 2 and will require modification to conform fully withDirective 99/73/EC. The technical and cost data provided should not be taken as indicative of a fully enriched system.321
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