2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSA1.11.2. Egg productionThere are several regional concentrations of egg production in Poland, as shown in Table A1.87These provinces together represent around three-fifths of all egg producing farms and around twothirdsof laying hens kept for egg production.Table A1.87: Regional concentration of egg production in Poland 2003Province Region % of farms % of laying hensWielkopolskie Western-central 19 19Mazowieckie Central 9 17Opolskie South-West 3 10.5Slaskie South 15 9Swietokrzyskie South 12 10Total share 58 65.5Source: <strong>Agra</strong> <strong>CEAS</strong>.Total egg production in Poland fluctuates at around 8 billion eggs (44 million Kg 114 ), with productionincreasing towards the end of the 1990s, but declining in 2002 and 2003. Poland is self-sufficient inegg production with production exceeding use by between 6% and 8% on a regular basis. About 85%to 87% of eggs produced are domestically consumed. Hatchings and feed account for some 5% to6% and processing up to 8%. The volume of exports has risen substantially in recent years see TableA1.88.There are two main production systems operating in Poland. Large-scale farms operating traditionalcage and deep litter systems produced an estimated 72.8% of total egg production in 2003 (between60% and 70% in the 1990s), as is shown in Table A1.88. Small-scale producers, mostly operatingfree-range production systems are estimated to account for the remaining 27.2% in 2003. Thisindicates that a significant proportion of the egg production industry in Poland remains highlyfragmented.114 At a conversion rate of 54,981 grams per egg.256
APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSTable A1.88: Actual and estimated balance sheet of eggs for consumption Poland,tonnes 1999-2004Item 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 E 2004 FNo of laying hens and egg efficiencyTotal No of birds held ('000 birds) 49,526 48,274 50,694 48,393including laying hens ('000 birds) 43,389 42,649 45,075 42,178Egg per hen (pieces a year) 176 182 187 208Balance sheetProduction 7,543 7,850 8,550 8,924 9,200 9,300Imports 15 10 4 3 - -Total supply 7,558 7,860 8,554 8,927 9,200 9,300Hatching and feed 420 430 428 427 430 430Total use (incl. processing) 7,097 7,401 8,040 8,326 8,480 8,560Waste and losses 21 23 28 27 30 30Exports 20 6 58 147 260 280Large scale production (cages and deep litter system) E 4,750 6,000 6,500 6,700 6,700 6,800Share of large scale production in total production (%) 63,0 76,4 76,0 75,1 72,8 73,1Small-scale production (free range system) E 2,793 1,850 2,050 2,224 2,500 2,500Share of small-scale production in total production (%) 37,0 23,6 24,0 24,9 27,2 26,9Self-sufficiency ratio (Production/use) (%) 106.3 106.1 106.3 107.2 108.5 108.6Notes E and F: estimates by the CSO and the IAFE made prior to the 2002 census.Source: Rynek Drobiu i Jaj. Stan i Perspektywy (Situation and Outlook on PoultryMarket) vol. 24, October 2003, IAFE, AMA, MARD, Warsaw 2003.The number of large-scale laying houses is variously estimated at between 2,400 and 2,800 withaverage stocks of 6,000 laying hens 115 . According to the survey conducted in 2000, 50% of the unitsoperated traditional caged production systems and 50% operated traditional deep litter productionsystems.The average production efficiency in traditional caged production systems is 280 eggs/year/hen and240 eggs/year/hen in deep litter production systems. The overall country average in Poland is lowerat around 180 eggs/year/hen (208 in 2002), due to the large share of free-range production.According to the data from the agricultural census in 2002, there were 382,600 farms (16.3% of thetotal number of farms) with a recorded 393,700 poultry houses in 2002. The total capacity of thepoultry houses countrywide is estimated to have totalled 21.08 million square meters. Therefore,bearing in mind the number of large scale laying houses, it is possible to broadly estimate the numberof free range and mainly open-air production units at 391,100 116 . Approximately 20% (one farm inevery 5) of these flocks average between 20 and 30 birds producing eggs for domestic consumptionand any surplus is traded at local open air markets or sold directly on a door to door basis.However these eggs are not subject to any quality or veterinary control standards and are not115 1999 estimate by M. Adamowicz, Rynek drobiu i jaj, a PHARE project No PL96-01-15/22/773, FAPA, Warsaw 2000 was 2,400. 2000estimate by G.Dybowski, M. Kobuszyńska, Analiza przekrojowa rynku droniu I jaj oraz strategia rozwoju do 2005 r., Studia i monografie vol.109, IAFE, Warsaw 2002 was 2,400.116 This is estimated by taking total laying houses of 393,700 less the average 2,600 units estimated to be in operation in 1999 and 2000.In 2002 according to the agricultural census there were 2,336 farms with more than 500 hens.257
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