2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSHistoric data on egg production is presented in Figure A1.43. After a steady decline from 1992 to1998, egg production increased again in the late-1990s.700600500Egg production (million eggs)40030020010001990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002Figure A1.43: Evolution of total egg production 1990-2002Note: converted from kilograms to eggs at 62.5 grams per egg.Source: Eurostat and Agra CEAS Consulting calculations.No data on the structure of the national flock are available in Ireland. However, the industryperception is that consolidation has been and is taking place with a trend towards fewer and largerunits, at least in the caged sector. The expansion in the free range sector is driven by new entrantsas well as increasing scale.Egg production in Ireland has traditionally been a specialist industry and the largest producers, whohave caged systems, typically have large egg enterprises, although they often also have otherenterprises, most commonly dairy. There is an increasing trend towards specialisation, fuelled in partby the recent increase in space allowance from 450cm 2 to 550cm 2 which prompted many to expandproduction whilst making investments. However, many alternative producers, especially those usingthe free range system, tend to have a broader mix of enterprises and a smaller scale egg enterprise 94 .This is mainly because it is relatively easy to enter the free range sector if land is available 95 and, incontrast, very difficult to set up or expand caged production due to restrictive planning controls.Indeed, planning restrictions are a factor in the siting of the Irish egg industry in the border counties94 The average size of free range egg units is 414 birds based on an Irish Farm Association survey carried out in January 2004 (103respondents).95 Despite this ease of entry it is not common to find producers going in and out of the sector.206
APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSwhere many producers have hen houses on both sides of the border (particularly in CountyMonaghan and County Cavan). This allows expansion in Northern Ireland where planning controlsare not so restrictive. Caged production is generally carried out to contract and it is common forpackers to own the laying stock and supply the feed whilst paying a fixed price (linked to the price offeed) for management. Contracts typically cover a laying cycle, but movement between packers isnot common and relationships tend to be long-term. Free range production tends to be moreindependent and producers are usually paid a price per egg.Despite the general lack of co-operation amongst producers in the Irish agricultural sector, a freerange producer co-operative was established in May 2003. This has 50 members which is just morethan a third of all commercial free range producers. The intention of this co-operative is to captureadded value through increasing market power. This is likely to take the form of vertical integrationthrough either establishing a packing facility or through co-operation with an existing packer, theexact strategy has yet to be finalised.A1.8.2.1. Main producers/packersThere are six main packers in Ireland, of which the largest is Greenfield Foods Ltd (accounting forslightly more than a quarter of total eggs packed) followed by Corby Rock Ltd with just over a tenthof the total. Box A1.19 profiles Greenfield Foods.Box A1.19: Profile of Greenfield Foods LtdGreenfield Foods Ltd is the largest Irish egg packer and accounts for 28% of all eggs packedOwnership: Limited companyTurnover: €18 million in 2003Profit: €630,000 in 2003Employment: 35 staffMain markets: domestic market with any surplus exported207
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