2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSIt is worth noting that Greece moved into caged production only in the mid-1950s (14% of totalproduction in 1958 rising to 67% in 2003). Over the past five years the sector has experienced theopposite trend, albeit slowly in the commercial sector.The evolution of total laying hen numbers from 1990 to 2002 is presented in Figure A1.36. The 11%decline between 1990 and 2002 results from a reduction in the number of hens kept by smallagricultural holdings.181614Total laying hen numbers (millions)1210864201990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002Figure A1.36: Evolution of total laying hen numbers from 1990 to 2002Source: Eurostat.The fragmented sector results in fierce competition as, with the exception of Golden Eggs with 15%market share, the largest producers/packers have market shares of less than 5% and as a result littlemarket power over the large retail chains. Although the number of farmers producing eggs hasdeclined dramatically already, further consolidation in the sector is expected with the implementationof stricter rules for marketing egg products in Greece and in particular labelling. A second majorconsolidation is expected with the implementation of Directive 1999/74 by the year 2012.Table A1.44 below shows the number of farms with poultry and laying hens by size category in 1991and 2000. There were just over 300,000 holdings with poultry in 2000, a 15% decline on numbers in1991. Over the same period, laying hen numbers were virtually unchanged (-2%). The Table showsthat the proportion of laying hens held on holdings with more than 1,000 head of poultry increasedover the period while the proportion kept in all smaller units declined. This is not the case for farms192
APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSwhich suggests that in general there were fewer and larger farms in 2000 than in 1991 (see alsoFigure A1.37).Calculating the average numbers of laying hens held by farm from Table A1.44 87 shows that in generalthere was an increase between 1991 and 2000. The average number of laying hens held per holdingin Greece in 1991 was 30.0, rising to 34.5 in 2000.Table A1.44: Size structure of laying hen holdings 1991 and 2000Laying hensFarms with poultry1991 2000 1991 20001-9 176,132 1.7% 129,530 1.2% 34,047 9.6% 24,558 8.1%10-29 2,387,941 22.5% 2,150,219 20.6% 184,303 52.1% 165,369 54.7%30-49 1,539,279 14.5% 1,364,464 13.1% 75,637 21.4% 65,004 21.5%50-99 1,326,652 12.5% 1,111,413 10.7% 47,611 13.5% 37,735 12.5%100-499 518,949 4.9% 436,658 4.2% 11,002 3.1% 8,626 2.9%500-999 52,657 0.5% 29,214 0.3% 163 0.0% 104 0.0%1000+ 4,613,970 43.5% 5,198,308 49.9% 882 0.2% 722 0.2%Total 10,615,580 10,419,806 353,645 302,118Source: Greek Government figures.100%90%80%Percentage of total flock/total farms70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%hens1991hens2000farms1991farms20001-9 10-29 30-49 50-99 100-499 500-999 1000+Figure A1.37: Size structure of laying hen holdings 1991 and 2000Source: Greek Government figures.87 Because the number of farms listed refers to farms with poultry and not just laying hens, the average laying hens held per farm do notalways fall within the size category boundaries.193
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