2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSTable A1.56: Capital (fixed) costs (per kg eggs) in Euro cents 2003Traditional cages Barn Free rangeLabour 10.54 15.00 16.12Buildings 3.76 8.66 9.30Equipment 5.21 5.77 6.20Land 0.91Manure disposal 1.53 1.52 1.54Insurance 0.58 0.82 0.89Utilities 2.55 2.67 2.70Cleaning 1.02 1.52 1.54Miscellaneous 0.58 0.82 0.82Total fixed costs 25.76 36.79 40.02Note: Although not shown, there will be a cost for land rental for the free range system.However, in many cases this is an opportunity cost and is therefore difficult to establish.Source: industry estimates.A1.8.2.6. Gross marginsUsing the cost data presented above, and adding revenue allows the presentation of producer grossmargin Table A1.57. The higher returns from alternative systems compared to caged systemsoutweighs the greater costs of production to yield higher gross margins.Table A1.57: Egg producer gross margin per kg (2003) in Euro centsTraditional cages Barn Free rangeEgg returns 86.65 106.64 139.97Revenue from spent hens -1.42 -1.73 -1.63Output (per year) 85.23 104.91 138.33Total variable costs 70.54 76.44 86.03Gross margin 14.69 28.47 52.30Source: industry estimates.A1.8.3. Egg processingIreland has only one egg processor, Irish Egg Products Ltd, and this company only produces liquid eggproducts with dried egg demand met through imports. The industry considers that it is essential tohave a domestic outlet for second quality eggs as this helps to buttress revenue. All domestic eggproducts are absorbed by the domestic market.Most second quality eggs are utilised by Irish Egg Products, although some small eggs are exported toprocessing plants in the UK via packers in Northern Ireland 101 . First quality eggs are used for boilingand these account for between 27% and 30% of total eggs processed in a typical year. Irish EggProducts do not produce differentiated alternative products, although they do break second qualityeggs from alternative systems which are procured without a premium.101 In the case of Greenfield Foods this amounts to about 4% of eggs packed.214
APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSA1.8.3.1. Main egg processorsIrish Egg Products is profiled in Box A1.20.Box A1.20: Profile of Irish Egg ProductsIrish Egg Products is the only Irish egg processorOwnership: LimitedTurnover: not availableProfit: not availableEmployment: 22Main markets: domestic and Northern Ireland (7%)A1.8.3.2. Processor concentrationIrish Egg Products is the only processor of eggs in Ireland.A1.8.3.3. Trade in egg productsThe Irish demand for dried egg products is met through imports, as is a significant proportion (up toa quarter) of the demand for liquid egg products. Dried egg products are sourced primarily fromGermany, France and the Netherlands and liquid products are drawn from the UK, France, theNetherlands, Belgium and Germany. Some processed products enter Ireland from third countriesincluding Brazil, Argentina, Chile, the US, India and Thailand.A1.8.4. Egg marketsA1.8.4.1. Primary demandIreland’s production of 550 million eggs is supplemented by imports of around 82.5 million eggs andthere are exports of approximately 16.5 million eggs leaving a supply for the domestic market of 616million eggs. Of these, 60% (369.6 million eggs) are used in the retail sector, 30% (184.8 million eggs)in the food service industry (hotels, wholesale and catering) and the remaining 10% (61.6 millioneggs) are processed. It is estimated by the industry that a further 3.5 million eggs 102 are eitherutilised on farm or sold direct and therefore are not represented in the above figures.The vast majority of eggs produced in alternative systems are sold in shell through the retail sectorwith a small quantity sold as shell eggs to the catering industry. Second quality eggs from alternativesystems are used for processing, but are undifferentiated from caged eggs and therefore do notcommand a premium.102 Based on the returns from 230 of the 257 registered packers, see Section A1.8.2. This figure does not include direct sales from packersthat are not registered and these are likely to have a higher proportion of direct sales.215
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