2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSA2.2.2.1. Main producers/packersThe bulk of egg production in India is derived from small scale units and there is very little verticalintegration in the sector. However, in recent years some larger scale production units with morethan 80,000 birds per unit have emerged and the largest producer is estimated to hold approximately1 million birds. Looking in more detail at the structure of commercial production it is evident thatsince 1990 the sector has concentrated significantly. In 1990 half of commercial producers were inunits with less than 16,000 hens while by 2004 this proportion had fallen to 15%. By contrastrelatively large units with more than 80,000 hens accounted for 6% of producers in 1990 and 25% in2004.Table A2.15: India, Evolution of structure of commercial egg production, Proportion ofproducers in different size categories (%)I990-2004*YearLaying hen numbers per unitUp to 8,000 8,000-16,000 16,000-40,000 40,000-80,000 > 80,0000% % % % %1990 24 26 31 13 61991 22 24 32 15 71992 22 24 32 15 71993 20 24 34 15 71994 19 23 35 15 81995 18 23 35 15 91996 17 22 35 17 91997 17 20 36 18 91998 15 20 36 20 91999 14 20 36 20 102000 14 20 36 20 102001 12 19 35 22 122002 10 16 34 25 152003 8 15 32 27 182004 5 10 30 30 25Notes: *Agra CEAS estimates based on daily number of eggs produced per unit.Source: Agra CEAS.A2.2.2.2. Main producersThe eight largest firms in the egg production business are listed in the Table A2.16 below. While nodetailed production figures are available for these enterprises if one assumes they held an average of500,000 birds each this would suggest 155 that in total they produce some 2.6% of total productionthus confirming the relatively low concentration level in the Indian sector.155 Agra CEAS estimate based on average annual production of 300 eggs per bird from 4 mn laying hens.348
APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSTable A2.16: Leading egg producers in India 2004Name of companyLocationAnak Breeders NasikVenkateshwara Hatcheries Ltd.Pioneer Hatcheries P. LtdKasila Farms Ltd.Poona Pearls Breeders P. Ltd.Simran HatcheriesSuguna Poultry Farm Ltd.Trambka Hatcheries Pvt. Ltd.n.a.HyderabadCoimbatoreSecunderabadPoonan.a.Coimbatoren.a.A2.2.2.3. Main production systemsIn the commercial production sector it is estimated that currently 95% of units use cage systems andsome 5% retain deep litter or barn systems. This picture has evolved rapidly since 1990 since at thatpoint only 25% of units were cage based and three-quarters of production was derived from barnsystems.A2.2.2.4. Technical dataTable A2.17: Technical factors, India, commercial egg production, cage and deep littersystems 2003CageDeep litterLaying cycle (days) 365 365Empty period (days) 22 22Feed/bird/year (kgs) 37.00 40.00Feed/bird/day (grams) 101 110Eggs/bird/year 283 295Kg feed per kg eggs 1.97 2.17Mortality (%) 6.0% 10.0%Number of hens/worker 3,750 2,000Hens housed/cage n.a. 5.6Space allowed/hen (cm2) n.a. 345Pullet cost (€/bird) 2.10 2.10End of lay hen weight (kgs) 1.60 1.50End of lay hen price (€/kg) 0.81 0.38Notes: Some data have been converted from laying cycle to year to correct for different laying cycle lengths by system.Rupees have been converted at 120 Rs to €1.00.Source: Agra CEAS Consulting based on industry estimates.349
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