2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTS100%80%60%40%20%0%1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003Shell Eggs CN 040700 Whole eggs, dried CN 040891 Whole eggs, liquid CN 040899 Egg yolks, dried CN 040811Egg yolks, liquid CN 040819 Egg albumin dried CN 35021190 Egg albumin dried CN 35021990Figure A1.64: Structure of Polish egg and egg product imports 1995-2003Source: Polish Trade StatisticsThe age structure of Polish farmers is dominated by the 40-50 years old age category. There is nodata on the age profile of the egg producers but on the basis of interviews it can be assumed that theaverage for this group is lower than for farming as a whole.A1.11.2.1. Main producers/packersVertical integration is a typical feature of the Polish egg sector. The majority of large farms have eggproduction units integrated with packing facilities. In most cases egg producers base sales upon longterm delivery contracts specifying deadlines and volume for deliveries.A1.11.2.2. Production (packer) concentrationThere is no data available on concentration in this sector.A1.11.2.3. Main production systemsGenerally speaking, egg producers holding more than 2,000 laying hens operate cage productionsystems, producers holding between 100 and 2,000 laying hens tend to operate deep litter systemsand those farms holding fewer than 100 laying hens operate free-range systems. The estimated shareof total laying hens held in the different production systems estimated on this basis is shown in TableA1.92.262
APPENDIX 1: MEMBER STATE REPORTSTable A1.92: Estimated share of laying hens according to production system 1996 and20021996 2002No of hens Share (%) No of hens Share (%)Traditional cage 15,355,828 39.2 35,018,140 67.7Deep litter 1,059,329 2.7 1,356,494 2.6Free range 22,788,285 58.1 15,387,593 29.7Total 39,203,442 100.0 51,762,227 100.0Source: own calculations on the basis of the CSO agricultural censuses of 1996 and 2002A1.11.2.4. Technical dataTable A1.93 below presents Agra CEAS preliminary estimates 119for Poland.of the technical production factorsTable A1.93: Performance indicators for egg production in Poland (2003) in Euro centsCage systemLaying cycle (days) 395Empty period (days) 14Feed/bird/year (kgs) 38.04Feed/bird/day (grams) 108Eggs/bird/year 277Kg feed per kg eggs 2.20Mortality (%) 9%Number of hens/labourerHens housed per m2 houseSpace allowed/hen (cm2) 455Pullet cost (€/bird) 2.35End of lay hen weight (kgs)End of lay hen price (€/bird)Note: Data has been annualisedSource: Agra CEASA1.11.2.5. Production costsThe variable and fixed cost calculations presented below are based on the assumption that thesystem being used is a traditional cage system of production with Big Dutchman facilities.Table A1.94: Variable costs per kg eggs (in € cents) 2003Feed cost 36.00Medication/vet. 0.50MiscellaneousBird depreciation 12.14Total variable cost 48.63Source: Agra CEAS based on unpublished analysis of the Institute of Agricultural and Food Economy for the Ministry ofFinance elaborated by G. Nieweglowska (2002).Cage119 At the time of writing Agra CEAS were still awaiting clarification on some points of detail concerning costs.263
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