2120 final report.pdf - Agra CEAS Consulting

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THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS TO KEEP LAYING HENSTable A1.40: Variable costs of production 2003Traditional cages Barn Free-range OrganicFeed cost 41.52 46.83 58.97 104.36Medication/vet 0.76 3.00 3.34 3.94MiscellaneousBird depreciation 16.80 17.89 22.86 23.10Total variable costs 59.08 67.71 85.17 131.40Source: Agra CEASTable A1.41: Capital (fixed) costs 2003 (per kg eggs)Traditional cages Barn Free-range OrganicLabour 4.00 9.33 23.90 24.16Buildings 3.47 5.07 12.16 16.20Equipment 6.93 10.13 24.31 32.41Land 0.02 0.04Manure disposal 0 0 0 0Insurance 0.58 0.91 1.21 1.23Utilities 1.80 2.84 3.17 3.20Cleaning 1.71 5.47 0.27 0.27Miscellaneous 1.44 1.88 2.09 4.16Total fixed costs 19.94 35.61 67.13 81.66Source: Agra CEASA1.6.3.2. Gross marginsBuilding on the cost data in Section A1.6.3.1, Table A1. 42 presents revenue figures and from thiscalculates producer gross margin. It should be stressed that the prices obtained in 2003 were higherthan normal for caged eggs reflecting a tightening of supply.Table A1. 42: Egg producer gross margin 2003 (in Euro per kg)Traditional cages Barn Free-range OrganicEgg returns 79.31 89.16 108.98 165.70Revenue from spent hens 1.52 1.50 1.67 1.69Output (per year) 80.82 90.66 110.65 167.39Total variable costs 59.08 67.71 85.17 131.40Gross margin 21.74 22.95 25.49 35.99Source: Agra CEASA1.6.4. Egg processingGerman usage of eggs for egg processing amounted 222,000 tonnes in 2002 out of a total eggproduction of 859,000 tonnes. This equates to 25.8% of total egg output.184
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS TO KEEP LAYING HENSA1.6.4.1. Main egg processorsThe three main egg processors in Germany are Ovobest (part of Deutsche Frischei GmbHincorporating AEP Artland Eiprodukte, Goldkorn and Eiproduktenwerk Ostbevern), Eipro, Sanovo,and followed by CEWO and Juchem. The top 14 German producers are as follows:AEP Artland EiprodukteBonner EiprodukteCEWO WortmannEhlegoEipro VermarktungEi-FrischEiprodukte OstbevernGold-korn-EiJuchemOvobest EiprodukteOvofit EiprodukteSanovoWadenA1.6.4.2. Processor concentrationThe German processing sector is relatively concentrated with the four largest companies estimatedprocess some 65-70% of the eggs sent for processing and the largest eight companies processing 80-85%.A1.6.4.3. Trade in egg productsIn 2002, Germany produced 859,254 tonnes of eggs. Germany is a net importer importing 397,866tonnes and exporting 105,919 tonnes of eggs and egg products in 2002. Domestic use amounted to1,151,201 tonnes in 2002, resulting in a degree of self-sufficiency of 74.6%. Since 2000, the degree ofself-sufficiency has been decreasing with decreasing domestic production and use and increasingimports.About 85% of shell eggs imports came from the Netherlands, with Belgium/Luxembourg and Francesupplying approximately 4% each. Most egg product imports came from the Netherlands,Belgium/Luxembourg and Italy. Imports from Eastern Europe have been continuously increasing (e.g.from zero in 2000 to 36.3 million eggs in 2003 from the Czech Republic). Approximately 12% ofdomestic eggs and egg products for consumption are exported, and imports of eggs and egg productsamount to 35% of domestic consumption (excluding hatching eggs).185
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