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Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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Application of bioreactor systems 111<br />

a<br />

Figure 4: (a) Phalaenopsis PLB proliferation <strong>in</strong> the bioreactor (1-litre column-type) after<br />

5 weeks; (b) Shoot regeneration and plantlet growth from PLB <strong>in</strong> the bioreactor;<br />

(c) Acclimatized plantlets.<br />

6. Conclusion<br />

b<br />

c<br />

The use of bioreactors has led to the development of a technology<br />

suitable <strong>for</strong> large-scale plant propagation; currently, various plant species are<br />

propagated <strong>in</strong> bioreactors <strong>for</strong> biomass production as well as large-scale<br />

micropropagation. However, many plant species are sensitive to liquid<br />

medium <strong>in</strong> a detrimental way. Hyperhydricity frequently occurs with tissues<br />

grown <strong>in</strong> or on liquid media and transplant<strong>in</strong>g the shoots <strong>in</strong> the soil is not<br />

easy because most shoots are etiolated and succulent and easily damaged by<br />

handl<strong>in</strong>g or environmental stress. For bioreactor culture, research aimed at<br />

improvement of the physical and chemical environments - such as an<br />

<strong>in</strong>creased number of air exchanges, <strong>in</strong>creased PPF and CO2 content - is<br />

necessary <strong>for</strong> the better practical use of this technique. Accord<strong>in</strong>g to Vasil<br />

(1994) ‘The most difficult and <strong>in</strong>tractable problems <strong>in</strong> the use of bioreactors<br />

<strong>for</strong> large-scale plant propagation are <strong>in</strong> the biology and not <strong>in</strong> the<br />

eng<strong>in</strong>eer<strong>in</strong>g’.

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