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Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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184 M. Berthouly & H. Etienne<br />

Table 1: cont<strong>in</strong>ued<br />

Family –<br />

Species<br />

(Common<br />

Name)<br />

Solanum<br />

tuberosum L.<br />

(potato)<br />

Triploid banana<br />

and planta<strong>in</strong><br />

(Musa spp.)<br />

Coffea arabica<br />

and Coffea<br />

canephora<br />

Hevea<br />

brasiliensis<br />

(rubber tree)<br />

Coffea arabica<br />

(coffee)<br />

Citrus deliciosa<br />

Saccharum sp.<br />

(sugarcane)<br />

Ananas comosus<br />

(p<strong>in</strong>eapple)<br />

Coffea arabica<br />

(coffee)<br />

Morphogenetic<br />

Pathway<br />

Tuberization<br />

Somatic<br />

embryogenesis<br />

Microcutt<strong>in</strong>g<br />

Somatic<br />

embryogenesis<br />

Somatic<br />

embryogenesis<br />

Somatic<br />

embryogenesis<br />

Shoot meristem<br />

proliferation<br />

Shoot meristem<br />

proliferation<br />

Somatic<br />

embryogenesis<br />

Temporary<br />

Immersion System<br />

10-litre tw<strong>in</strong> jar<br />

fermentors<br />

1-litre bioreactor<br />

with 2 compartments<br />

(RITA � )<br />

1-litre bioreactor<br />

with 2 compartments<br />

(RITA � )<br />

1-litre bioreactor<br />

with 2 compartments<br />

(RITA � )<br />

1-litre bioreactor<br />

with 2 compartments<br />

(RITA � )<br />

1-litre bioreactor<br />

with 2 compartments<br />

(RITA � )<br />

10-litre tw<strong>in</strong> flasks<br />

(BIT � )<br />

10-litre tw<strong>in</strong> flasks<br />

(BIT � )<br />

1-litre bioreactor<br />

with 2 compartments<br />

(RITA � )<br />

Immersion times used *<br />

60 m<strong>in</strong> every 6 h<br />

1 m<strong>in</strong> every 6 h<br />

15 m<strong>in</strong> every 6 h (C. arabica);<br />

1 m<strong>in</strong> every 6 h<br />

(C. canephora)<br />

1 m<strong>in</strong> every 12 h (embryo<br />

development); 15 m<strong>in</strong> every<br />

6 h (germ<strong>in</strong>ation)<br />

1 m<strong>in</strong> every 12 h<br />

1 m<strong>in</strong> every 4 h<br />

2 m<strong>in</strong> every 9 h<br />

2 m<strong>in</strong> every 3 h<br />

1 m<strong>in</strong> every 12 h (embryo<br />

development); 5 m<strong>in</strong> every<br />

12 h (germ<strong>in</strong>ation)<br />

* The best immersion times are presented when several frequency/duration comb<strong>in</strong>ations<br />

were tested

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