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Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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Mass propagation of tropical crops 209<br />

5. Conclusions<br />

– TIS represents an advanced technology <strong>for</strong> commercial mass propagation<br />

of tropical crops.<br />

– Several plant species are now commercially propagated us<strong>in</strong>g this culture<br />

technique with different regeneration pathways and a variety of TIS<br />

designs.<br />

– From the commercial po<strong>in</strong>t of view shoot multiplication systems are<br />

applied most frequently.<br />

– Somatic embryo production and germ<strong>in</strong>ation will be commercially<br />

applicable <strong>in</strong> near future by use of TIS or comb<strong>in</strong>ations of TIS and bioreactors.<br />

Acknowledgements<br />

I wish to thank Prof. Dr. Walter Preil <strong>for</strong> valuable discussions. Also to<br />

Victor Mederos and Jorge López from INIVIT and Dr. Maritza Escalona and<br />

Dr. Marcos Daqu<strong>in</strong>ta <strong>for</strong> provid<strong>in</strong>g data and materials used <strong>in</strong> this paper. I<br />

am also very grateful to my colleagues from the Bioreactors Laboratory at<br />

the Institute of <strong>Plant</strong> Biotechnology, which made possible the results<br />

<strong>in</strong>cluded <strong>in</strong> this paper.<br />

References<br />

Akita M & Takayama S (1994) Stimulation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuberization by<br />

semicont<strong>in</strong>uous liquid medium surface level control. <strong>Plant</strong> Cell Rep. 13: 184-187<br />

Akula A, Becker D & Bateson M (2001) High-yield<strong>in</strong>g repetitive somatic embryogenesis and<br />

plant recovery <strong>in</strong> a selected tea clone, TRI-2025, by temporary immersion. <strong>Plant</strong> Cell Rep.<br />

19: 1140-1145<br />

Albany N, Vilchez J, Jiménez E, García L, de Feria M, Pérez N, Sarría Z, Pérez B & Clavelo<br />

J (2002) Use of growth retardants <strong>for</strong> banana (Musa AAA cv. Grand Na<strong>in</strong>e) shoot<br />

multiplication <strong>in</strong> temporary immersion systems. First International Symposium on “<strong>Liquid</strong><br />

<strong>Systems</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>vitro</strong> Mass <strong>Propagation</strong> of <strong>Plant</strong>s” (p. 108). Agricultural University of<br />

Norway. 29 May-2 June<br />

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banana micropropagation. <strong>Plant</strong> Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 32: 55-60<br />

Berthouly M & Etienne H (1999) Somatic embryogenesis of coffee. In: Ja<strong>in</strong> SM, Gupta PK &<br />

Newton RJ (eds) Somatic Embryogenesis <strong>in</strong> Woody <strong>Plant</strong>s, Vol. 5 (pp. 259-288). Kluwer<br />

Academic Publishers, London<br />

Cabasson C, Alvard D, Dambier D, Ollitrault P & Teisson C (1997) Improvement of Citrus<br />

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