Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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Optimisation of growing conditions 261 References Aitken-Christie J & Jones C (1987) Towards automation: radiata pine shoot hedges in vitro. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 8: 185-196 Cabasson C, Alvard D, Dambier D, Ollitrault P & Teisson C (1997) Improvement of Citrus somatic embryo development by temporary immersion. Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult. 50: 33-37 Chu I (1995) Economic analysis of automated micropropagation. In: Aitken-Christie J, Kozai T & Smith MAL (eds) Automation and Environmental Control in Plant Tissue Culture (pp.19-26). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht Escalona M, Lorenzo JC, González B, Daquinta M, González JL, Desjardins Y & Borroto CG (1999) Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) micropropagation in temporary immersion systems. Plant Cell Reports 18: 743-748 Jiménez E, Pérez N, Feria M de, Barbón R, Capote A, Chávez M, Quiala E & Pérez JC (1999) Improved production of potato microtubers using a temporary immersion system. Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult. 59: 19-23 Lorenzo JC de los Angeles Blanco M, Peláez O, González A, Cid M, Iglesias A, González B, Escalona M, Espinosa P & Borroto C (2001) Sugarcane micropropagation and penolic excretion. Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult. 65: 1-8 Maene L & Debergh P (1985) Liquid medium additions to established tissue cultures to improve elongation and rooting in vitro. Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult. 5: 23-33 Murashige F & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassys with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473-492 Quoirin M, Lepoivre P & Boxus P (1977) Un premier bilan de dix années de recherche sur les cultures de méristèmes et la multiplication in vitro de fruitiers ligneux (in French). Compte rendu des recherches, Station des Cultures Fruitières et Marrîchères de Gembloux 1976- 1977, 93-117 Simonton W, Robacker C & Krueger S (1991) A programmable micropropagation apparatus using cycled medium. Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult. 27: 211-218 Sluis CJ & Walker KA (1985) Commercialization of plant tissue culture propagation. International Association for Plant Tissue Culture. Newsletters 47: 2-12 Teisson C & Alvard D (1995) A new concept of plant in vitro cultivation liquid medium: temporary immersion. In: Terzi M et al. (eds) Current Issues in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology (pp. 105-110). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht Teisson C, Alvard D, Lartaud M, Etienne H, Berthouly M, Escalona M & Lorenzo JC (1999) Temporary immersion for plant tissue culture. In: Plant Biotechnology and In Vitro Biology in the 21 st Century, Proceedings of the IXth International Congress of Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, Section H: Novel micropropagation methods (pp. 629-632). Jerusalem Tisserat B & Vandercook CE (1985) Development of an automated plant culture system. Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult. 5: 107-117 Walkey DG (1972) Production of apple plantlets from axillary bud meristems. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 52: 1085-1087
Chapter 18 Experimental use of a novel temporary immersion system for liquid culture of olive microshoots Katerina Grigoriadou 1 , Miltiadis Vasilakakis 2 , Theofilos Tzoulis 3 & Eleftherios P. Eleftheriou 4 1 VITRO HELLAS S.A., Nisseli Imathias, 593 00, Greece, tel:+302333024888, fax: +302333026417, e-mail: vitro2@otenet.gr (author for correspondence). 2 Pomology Department, School of Agriculture, Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Greece. 3 4 B. Hirs 11, 546 41, Thessaloniki, Greece. Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Greece Abstract: A novel temporary immersion system (TIS), designed at the laboratory of VITRO HELLAS S.A., was used for the liquid culture of olive microshoots during their proliferation phase. The results were compared with those obtained in agar solidified medium, which was used as control, and with other bioreactor systems including the LifeReactor © , liquid culture in Erlenmeyer flasks under agitation and liquid culture on filter paper bridges. After 30 days of culture, results derived from the novel TIS (1.93 new microshoots per explant, 0.95 cm shoot length) were statistically the same as the control (1.75 microshoots per explant, 1.22 cm shoot length respectively). Equally high results were obtained with the agitated Erlenmeyer flasks, while LifeReactor © gave the poorest ones (0.35 new microshoots per explant, 0.40 cm shoot length). Cultures on filter paper bridges developed large masses of callus at the explant bases. However, all the liquid cultures suffered from hyperhydricity, the most serious was observed in the Erlenmeyer flasks and the least in the novel TIS. In order to reduce hyperhydricity, the TIS was combined with cultures on agar solidified medium, which eliminated the problem but shoot proliferation was also reduced. It seems that the novel TIS provides a promising device, although some technical problems need to be overcome for large scale production. Key words: bioreactor, in vitro culture, liquid culture, Olea europaea L. Abbreviations: GA - gibberellic acid; NAA - naphthaleneacetic acid 1. Introduction The use of liquid media for in vitro culture is considered an ideal technique for mass propagation. However, the main disadvantage of liquid 263 A.K. Hvoslef-Eide and W. Preil (eds.), Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation, 263–274. © 2005 Springer. Printed in the Netherlands.
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LIQUID CULTURE SYSTEMS FOR IN VITRO
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A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this
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Contents Contributing Authors xiii
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Liquid culture systems for in vitro
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Contributing Authors Adelberg, J. 4
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Preface Plant cell, tissue and orga
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Chapter 1 General introduction: a p
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General introduction 3 2. Cell susp
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General introduction 5 rooted in gr
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General introduction 7 (Winkelmann
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General introduction 9 the bioreact
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General introduction 11 (TIS), resu
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General introduction 13 Barz W, Rei
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General introduction 15 Hohe A, Win
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General introduction 17 Shimazu T &
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I. Bioreactors
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22 Wayne R. Curtis 1. Introduction
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24 Wayne R. Curtis headspace double
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26 Wayne R. Curtis that is required
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28 Wayne R. Curtis C L y � P O2
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30 Wayne R. Curtis since there is a
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32 Wayne R. Curtis 5 cm 30 cm 30 o
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34 Wayne R. Curtis Pˆ N � � me
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36 Wayne R. Curtis Radial Flow Impe
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38 Wayne R. Curtis CS = Medium diss
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40 Wayne R. Curtis Murashige T & Sk
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42 Anne Kathrine Hvoslef-Eide et al
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Chapter 4 Practical aspects of bior
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Practical aspects of bioreactor app
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Chapter 5 Simple bioreactors for ma
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Simple bioreactors for mass propaga
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96 K. Y. Paek et al. opportunity fo
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98 K. Y. Paek et al. disadvantages
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100 K. Y. Paek et al. 3.1 Dissolved
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102 K. Y. Paek et al. optimizing bi
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104 K. Y. Paek et al. cosmetics, wh
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106 K. Y. Paek et al. protocol, mor
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108 K. Y. Paek et al. use. In order
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110 K. Y. Paek et al. a b c d e f F
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112 K. Y. Paek et al. a b c d e f F
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114 K. Y. Paek et al. Escalona M, L
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116 K. Y. Paek et al. Son SH & Paek
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118 Seppo Sorvari et al. economical
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120 Seppo Sorvari et al. membrane w
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122 Seppo Sorvari et al. 3. Results
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124 Seppo Sorvari et al. D.O. 160 1
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Chapter 8 Cost-effective mass cloni
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Cost-effective mass cloning of plan
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144 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek 1
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146 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek F
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148 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek T
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150 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek 3
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152 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek E
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Chapter 10 Control of growth and di
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Control of growth and differentiati
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Chapter 11 Temporary immersion syst
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Temporary immersion system: a new c
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198 Elio Jiménez González 1. Intr
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200 Elio Jiménez González Several
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202 Elio Jiménez González Figure
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204 Elio Jiménez González exploit
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206 Elio Jiménez González weeks i
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Page 280 and 281: 276 Ch. Wawrosch et al. possesses s
Page 282 and 283: 278 Ch. Wawrosch et al. 3. Results
Page 284 and 285: 280 Ch. Wawrosch et al. References
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Page 290 and 291: Propagation of Norway Spruce 287 su
Page 292 and 293: Propagation of Norway Spruce 289 5.
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314 Michel Petitprez et al. 1. Intr
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316 Michel Petitprez et al. 2.2 QTL
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318 Michel Petitprez et al. Figure
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320 Michel Petitprez et al. Table 1
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322 Michel Petitprez et al. Gentzbi
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324 F. Afreen et al. 1. Introductio
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326 F. Afreen et al. precotyledonar
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328 F. Afreen et al. Dry mass (mg/e
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330 F. Afreen et al. under photoaut
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332 F. Afreen et al. Figure 3: a) C
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334 F. Afreen et al. the plant qual
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Chapter 25 Potential of flow cytome
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Potential of flow cytometry 339 dis
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Potential of flow cytometry 341 Fig
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Potential of flow cytometry 343 tha
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Chapter 26 Somatic embryogenesis of
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Somatic embryogenesis of Gentiana 3
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Chapter 27 Induction and growth of
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Induction and growth of tulip 361 a
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Induction and growth of tulip 363 T
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Chapter 28 Micropropagation of Ixia
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Micropropagation of Ixia 367 for PA
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Micropropagation of Ixia 369 Biomas
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Micropropagation of Ixia 371 Figure
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Chapter 29 Micropropagation of Rosa
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Micropropagation of Rosa 375 The BA
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Micropropagation of Rosa 377 Platfo
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Micropropagation of Rosa 379 3. Res
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Micropropagation of Rosa 381 The ro
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Micropropagation of Rosa 383 4. Dis
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Micropropagation of Rosa 385 Murash
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Chapter 30 Mass propagation of coni
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Mass propagation of conifer trees 3
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Chapter 31 Potentials for cost redu
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Potentials for cost reduction 405 c
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Potentials for cost reduction 407 c
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Potentials for cost reduction 409 s
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Potentials for cost reduction 411 N
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Potentials for cost reduction 413 G
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Chapter 32 A new approach for autom
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A new approach for automation 417 (
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A new approach for automation 419 p
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A new approach for automation 421 T
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A new approach for automation 423 D
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426 B. McAlister et al. 1. Introduc
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428 B. McAlister et al. 2.2 Multipl
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430 B. McAlister et al. Table 2: Mu
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432 B. McAlister et al. rest time -
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434 B. McAlister et al. Figure 3: M
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436 B. McAlister et al. Average mul
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438 B. McAlister et al. Table 4: Co
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440 B. McAlister et al. Semi-solid
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442 B. McAlister et al. Escalona M,
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444 Jeffrey Adelberg including Host
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446 Jeffrey Adelberg BioSystems (Ho
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448 Jeffrey Adelberg more prolific
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450 Jeffrey Adelberg vessel of liqu
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452 Jeffrey Adelberg Figure 4: Labo
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454 Jeffrey Adelberg constituted a
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456 Jeffrey Adelberg Acknowledgemen
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Chapter 35 Aeration stress in plant
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Aeration stress in plant tissue cul
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476 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 1. Int
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478 Hans R. Gislerød et al. biorea
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480 Hans R. Gislerød et al. A low
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482 Hans R. Gislerød et al. Table
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484 Hans R. Gislerød et al. common
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486 Hans R. Gislerød et al. can be
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488 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 4.1 Li
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490 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 4.3 Ca
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492 Hans R. Gislerød et al. Morten
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494 Han Bouman & Annemiek Tiekstra
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V. Biomass for Secondary Metabolite
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510 E. Gontier et al. 1. Introducti
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512 E. Gontier et al. 2. Materials
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514 E. Gontier et al. developed dra
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516 E. Gontier et al. 3.3 Establish
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518 E. Gontier et al. Fresh weight
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520 E. Gontier et al. 3.5 Effect of
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522 E. Gontier et al. 3.6 Scale up
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524 E. Gontier et al. Lorenzo JC, G
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526 Dirk Wilken et al. 1. Introduct
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528 Dirk Wilken et al. running at 6
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530 Dirk Wilken et al. described a
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532 Dirk Wilken et al. packed cell
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534 Dirk Wilken et al. bioactive co
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536 Dirk Wilken et al. Fowler MW (1
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Chapter 40 Cultivation of root cult
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Cultivation of root cultures of Pan
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Chapter 41 Optimisation of Panax gi
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Optimisation of Panax ginseng liqui
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558 S. M. Nalawade et al. performan
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560 S. M. Nalawade et al. Plantlets
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562 S. M. Nalawade et al. leaves on
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564 S. M. Nalawade et al. roots (Fi
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Chapter 43 Production of taxanes in
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Production of taxanes 569 2. Materi
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Production of taxanes 571 Figure 2:
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Production of taxanes 573 various T
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Acknowledgments The editors thank t
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578 Contents 130, 131, 133, 134, 13
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580 Contents poplar, see Populus Po
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582 Contents bubble aerated 165 bub
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584 Contents ginsenoside content, p
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586 Contents plant growth regulator
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588 Contents -free microcorms 71 -f
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