Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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A new approach for automation 423 Dupuis JM, Millot C, Teufel E, Arnault A & Freyssinet G (1999) Germination of synthetic seeds: new substrates and phytoprotection for carrot somatic embryos to plant. In: Soh WY & Bhojwani SS (eds) Morphogenesis in Plant Tissue Cultures (pp. 418-441). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht Florin B, Tessereau H, Lecouteux C, Courtois D & Pétiard V (1993) Long-term preservation of somatic embryos. In: Redenbaugh K (ed) Synseeds. Applications of Synthetic Seeds to Crop Improvement (pp. 133-162). CRC Press, Boca Raton Florin B, Ducos JP, Firmin L, Meshine MC, Thierry C, Pétiard V & Deshayes A (1995) Preservation of coffee somatic embryos through desiccation and cryopreservation. In: Association Scientifique Internationale du Café (ed) 16 th Int. Sci. Colloquium Coffee (pp. 542-547). A.S.I.C, Paris Gamborg OL, Miller RA & Ojima K (1968) Nutrients requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp. Cell. Res. 50: 151-158 Gupta PK, Pullman G, Timmis R, Kreitinger M, Carlson WC, Grob J & Welty E (1993) Forestry in the 21st century. The biotechnology of somatic embryogenesis. Bio/Technology 11: 454-459 Halperin W (1964) Morphogenetic studies with partially synchronized cultures of carrot embryos. Science 146: 408-410 Heller R (1953), Research on the mineral nutrition of plant tissues. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. Biol. Veg. 14: 1-223 Molle F, Dupuis JM, Ducos JP, Anselm A, Crolus-Savidan I & Pétiard V (1993) Carrot somatic embryogenesis and its application to synthetic seeds. In: Redenbaugh K (ed) Synseeds. Applications of Synthetic Seeds to Crop Improvement (pp. 257-287). CRC Press, Boca Raton Murashige T & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473-497 Redenbaugh K, Viss P, Slade D & Fujii JA (1987) Scale-up: artificial seeds. In: Green CE, Somers DA, Hackett WP & Biesboer DD (eds) Plant Tissue and Cell Cultures (pp. 473-493). A.R. Liss. New York Rodriguez DL, Kitto SL & Lomax KM (1990) Mechanical purification of torpedo stage somatic embryos of Daucus carota L. Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult. 23: 9-14 Timmis R, Kreitinger M & Yancey MJ (1991) Methods and apparatus for culturing autotrophic plants from heterotrophic plant material. Weyerhaeuser. World patent. Publication Number: WO 91/04655 Yasuda T, Fujii Y & Yamaguchi T (1985) Embryogenic callus induction from Coffea arabica leaf explants by benzyladenine. Plant Cell Physiol. 26: 595-597
Chapter 33 Use of the temporary immersion bioreactor system (RITA ® ) for production of commercial Eucalyptus clones in Mondi Forests (SA) B. M c Alister 1 , J. Finnie 2 , M.P. Watt 3 & F. Blakeway 1 1 Mondi Forests, P.O. Box 12, Hilton, 3245, South Africa. 2 School of Botany and Zoology, University of Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa. 3 School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Natal Durban, King George Avenue, Durban, 4001, South Africa. Abstract: In order to optimise tissue culture systems and to meet production targets, Mondi Forests’ biotechnology programme has in the last two years concentrated efforts on the use of the RITA ® temporary immersion bioreactor system. Protocols have been established for six Eucalyptus clones. Results indicate a four- to six-fold increase in yield, in half the time, with the RITA ® system when compared with axillary bud proliferation on semi-solid media. Furthermore, plants produced from the RITA ® system are hardier and acclimatize better, giving higher yields of hardened-off plants. The establishment of aseptic axillary shoots into the RITA ® system is from shoots in the semi-solid system. Highest multiplication was achieved using 30-second flushes of medium every 10 minutes, starting with 50 shoots per vessel. The multiplication cycles in RITA ® are between 14 and 18 days, compared with 25 to 28 days in a semi-solid system. There is minimal callus evident on the leaves and bases of the stems of plants in the RITA ® system and, in addition, cold-tolerant plants have a greater rooting competence when compared with plants coming from the semi-solid system. Ex vitro rooting of RITA ® -derived plantlets is substantially better than the plants from the semi-solid media. Key words: costs, forest tree, liquid vs. semi-solid tissue culture, rooting, woody plants Abbreviations: BAP - 6-benzylaminopurine; EC - electrical conductivity; IBA - indole-3butyric acid; MS - Murashige & Skoog (1962) medium; NAA - �-naphthaleneacetic acid 425 A.K. Hvoslef-Eide and W. Preil (eds.), Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation, 425–442. © 2005 Springer. Printed in the Netherlands.
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LIQUID CULTURE SYSTEMS FOR IN VITRO
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A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this
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Contents Contributing Authors xiii
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Liquid culture systems for in vitro
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Contributing Authors Adelberg, J. 4
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Preface Plant cell, tissue and orga
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Chapter 1 General introduction: a p
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General introduction 3 2. Cell susp
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General introduction 5 rooted in gr
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General introduction 7 (Winkelmann
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General introduction 9 the bioreact
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General introduction 11 (TIS), resu
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General introduction 13 Barz W, Rei
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General introduction 15 Hohe A, Win
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General introduction 17 Shimazu T &
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I. Bioreactors
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22 Wayne R. Curtis 1. Introduction
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24 Wayne R. Curtis headspace double
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26 Wayne R. Curtis that is required
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28 Wayne R. Curtis C L y � P O2
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30 Wayne R. Curtis since there is a
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32 Wayne R. Curtis 5 cm 30 cm 30 o
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34 Wayne R. Curtis Pˆ N � � me
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36 Wayne R. Curtis Radial Flow Impe
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38 Wayne R. Curtis CS = Medium diss
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40 Wayne R. Curtis Murashige T & Sk
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42 Anne Kathrine Hvoslef-Eide et al
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Chapter 4 Practical aspects of bior
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Practical aspects of bioreactor app
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Chapter 5 Simple bioreactors for ma
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Simple bioreactors for mass propaga
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96 K. Y. Paek et al. opportunity fo
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98 K. Y. Paek et al. disadvantages
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100 K. Y. Paek et al. 3.1 Dissolved
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102 K. Y. Paek et al. optimizing bi
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104 K. Y. Paek et al. cosmetics, wh
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106 K. Y. Paek et al. protocol, mor
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108 K. Y. Paek et al. use. In order
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110 K. Y. Paek et al. a b c d e f F
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112 K. Y. Paek et al. a b c d e f F
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114 K. Y. Paek et al. Escalona M, L
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116 K. Y. Paek et al. Son SH & Paek
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118 Seppo Sorvari et al. economical
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120 Seppo Sorvari et al. membrane w
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122 Seppo Sorvari et al. 3. Results
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124 Seppo Sorvari et al. D.O. 160 1
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Chapter 8 Cost-effective mass cloni
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Cost-effective mass cloning of plan
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144 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek 1
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146 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek F
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148 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek T
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150 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek 3
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152 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek E
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Chapter 10 Control of growth and di
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Control of growth and differentiati
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Chapter 11 Temporary immersion syst
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Temporary immersion system: a new c
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198 Elio Jiménez González 1. Intr
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200 Elio Jiménez González Several
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202 Elio Jiménez González Figure
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204 Elio Jiménez González exploit
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206 Elio Jiménez González weeks i
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208 Elio Jiménez González germina
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210 Elio Jiménez González Escalan
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Chapter 13 Use of growth retardants
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Use of growth retardants for banana
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Chapter 14 Somatic embryo germinati
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Somatic embryo germination of Psidi
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Somatic embryo germination of Psidi
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232 Tino Hempfling & Walter Preil N
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234 Tino Hempfling & Walter Preil 3
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236 Tino Hempfling & Walter Preil F
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238 Tino Hempfling & Walter Preil F
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240 Tino Hempfling & Walter Preil 4
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242 Tino Hempfling & Walter Preil R
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244 C. Damiano et al. Over the last
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246 C. Damiano et al. 2.2 Temporary
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248 C. Damiano et al. Table 3: Wate
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250 C. Damiano et al. hyperhydricit
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Chapter 17 Optimisation of growing
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Optimisation of growing conditions
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264 Katerina Grigoriadou et al. cul
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266 Katerina Grigoriadou et al. 2.4
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268 Katerina Grigoriadou et al. mic
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270 Katerina Grigoriadou et al. of
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272 Katerina Grigoriadou et al. 4.
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274 Katerina Grigoriadou et al. Tei
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276 Ch. Wawrosch et al. possesses s
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278 Ch. Wawrosch et al. 3. Results
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280 Ch. Wawrosch et al. References
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Chapter 20 Propagation of Norway sp
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 285 2.
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 287 su
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 289 5.
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 291 bl
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 293 H
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296 M. Vágner et al. 1995). In liq
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298 M. Vágner et al. maturation pe
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300 M. Vágner et al. mature somati
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302 M. Vágner et al. Acknowledgeme
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304 Christopher Hunter & Lionel Lev
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314 Michel Petitprez et al. 1. Intr
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316 Michel Petitprez et al. 2.2 QTL
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318 Michel Petitprez et al. Figure
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320 Michel Petitprez et al. Table 1
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322 Michel Petitprez et al. Gentzbi
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324 F. Afreen et al. 1. Introductio
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326 F. Afreen et al. precotyledonar
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328 F. Afreen et al. Dry mass (mg/e
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330 F. Afreen et al. under photoaut
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332 F. Afreen et al. Figure 3: a) C
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334 F. Afreen et al. the plant qual
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Chapter 25 Potential of flow cytome
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Potential of flow cytometry 339 dis
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Potential of flow cytometry 341 Fig
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Potential of flow cytometry 343 tha
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Chapter 26 Somatic embryogenesis of
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Somatic embryogenesis of Gentiana 3
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Chapter 27 Induction and growth of
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Induction and growth of tulip 361 a
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Induction and growth of tulip 363 T
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Chapter 28 Micropropagation of Ixia
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Micropropagation of Ixia 367 for PA
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Micropropagation of Ixia 369 Biomas
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476 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 1. Int
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478 Hans R. Gislerød et al. biorea
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480 Hans R. Gislerød et al. A low
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482 Hans R. Gislerød et al. Table
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484 Hans R. Gislerød et al. common
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486 Hans R. Gislerød et al. can be
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488 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 4.1 Li
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490 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 4.3 Ca
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492 Hans R. Gislerød et al. Morten
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494 Han Bouman & Annemiek Tiekstra
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V. Biomass for Secondary Metabolite
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510 E. Gontier et al. 1. Introducti
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512 E. Gontier et al. 2. Materials
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514 E. Gontier et al. developed dra
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516 E. Gontier et al. 3.3 Establish
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518 E. Gontier et al. Fresh weight
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520 E. Gontier et al. 3.5 Effect of
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522 E. Gontier et al. 3.6 Scale up
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524 E. Gontier et al. Lorenzo JC, G
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526 Dirk Wilken et al. 1. Introduct
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528 Dirk Wilken et al. running at 6
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530 Dirk Wilken et al. described a
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532 Dirk Wilken et al. packed cell
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534 Dirk Wilken et al. bioactive co
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536 Dirk Wilken et al. Fowler MW (1
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Chapter 40 Cultivation of root cult
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Cultivation of root cultures of Pan
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Chapter 41 Optimisation of Panax gi
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Optimisation of Panax ginseng liqui
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558 S. M. Nalawade et al. performan
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560 S. M. Nalawade et al. Plantlets
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562 S. M. Nalawade et al. leaves on
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564 S. M. Nalawade et al. roots (Fi
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Chapter 43 Production of taxanes in
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Production of taxanes 569 2. Materi
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Production of taxanes 571 Figure 2:
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Production of taxanes 573 various T
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Acknowledgments The editors thank t
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578 Contents 130, 131, 133, 134, 13
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580 Contents poplar, see Populus Po
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582 Contents bubble aerated 165 bub
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584 Contents ginsenoside content, p
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586 Contents plant growth regulator
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588 Contents -free microcorms 71 -f
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Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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