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Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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Chapter 39<br />

Comparison of secondary plant metabolite production <strong>in</strong> cell<br />

suspension, callus culture and temporary immersion system<br />

Dirk Wilken 1* , Elio Jiménez González, Annette Hohe 1 , Miguel Jordan 3 ,<br />

Rafael Gomez Kosky 2 , Guillermo Schmeda Hirschmann 4 & André Gerth 1<br />

1 Bio<strong>Plant</strong>a GmbH, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. E-mail: <strong>in</strong>fo@bioplanta-<br />

leipzig.de;<br />

2 Instituto de Biotecnología de las <strong>Plant</strong>as, Carretera a Camajuaní Km. 5 ½, Santa Clara,<br />

Cuba. E-mail: ejimenez@uclv.edu.cu; rgkosky@uclv.edu.cu;mailto:rgkosky@uclv.edu.cu<br />

3 Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340,<br />

Santiago, Chile. E-mail: mjordan@genes.bio.puc.cl;<br />

4 Instituto de Quimica de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca,<br />

Chile. E-mail: schmeda@pehuenche.utalca.cl<br />

Abstract: Cell and organ cultures of Lavandula offic<strong>in</strong>alis, Hypericum per<strong>for</strong>atum,<br />

Cymbopogon citratus and Fabiana imbricata were established <strong>for</strong> the production of<br />

secondary metabolites <strong>in</strong> <strong>vitro</strong>. Shoot multiplication was per<strong>for</strong>med by conventional<br />

micropropagation on agar-solidified medium as well as <strong>in</strong> temporary immersion systems<br />

(TIS), the latter resulted <strong>in</strong> higher multiplication rates compared to the culture <strong>in</strong><br />

microconta<strong>in</strong>ers <strong>for</strong> all plant species tested. The concentration of bioactive compounds was<br />

determ<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> different <strong>in</strong> <strong>vitro</strong> cell and organ cultures and was compared to field grown<br />

plants. For Lavandula the highest content of rosmar<strong>in</strong>ic acid was found <strong>in</strong> cell cultures, <strong>for</strong><br />

the other three species <strong>in</strong> field grown plants. Concentrations of bioactive compounds were<br />

always higher <strong>in</strong> plant material grown <strong>in</strong> TIS compared to cell suspension and callus cultures.<br />

Key words: bioactive compounds, bioreactor culture, Cymbopogon, Fabiana, Hypericum, <strong>in</strong><br />

<strong>vitro</strong> culture, Lavandula, pharmaceuticals, suspension culture<br />

Abbreviations: BA _ 6-benzylam<strong>in</strong>opur<strong>in</strong>e; 2,4-D _ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid;<br />

GC-MS _ mass spectroscopy comb<strong>in</strong>ed with gas chromatography; HPLC _ high per<strong>for</strong>mance<br />

liquid chromatography; NAA _ �-naphtalene acetic acid; TIS _ temporary immersion system<br />

525<br />

A.K. Hvoslef-Eide and W. Preil (eds.), <strong>Liquid</strong> <strong>Culture</strong> <strong>Systems</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>vitro</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Propagation</strong>, 525–537.<br />

© 2005 Spr<strong>in</strong>ger. Pr<strong>in</strong>ted <strong>in</strong> the Netherlands.

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