Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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Somatic embryo germination of Psidium 229 References Cabasson C, Alvard A, Dambier D, Ollitraul P & Teisson C (1997) Improvement of Citrus somatic embryos development by temporary immersion. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 50: 33-37 Escalona M (1999) Propagación de la piña (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) en sistemas de inmersión temporal. Tesis de doctorado. Centro de Bioplantas, Ciego de Avila, Ciego de Avila, Cuba Etienne-Barry D, Bertrand B, Vasquez N & Etienne H (1999) Direct sowing of Coffea arabica somatic embryos mass-produced in a bioreactor and regeneration of plants. Plant Cell Reports 19: 111-117 Gómez RK, Gilliard T, Barranco LA & Reyes M (2000) Embriogénesis somática en medios líquidos. Maduración y aumento de la germinación en el cultivar híbrido de banano FHIA- 18 (AAAB). Infomusa (9) 1: 12-16 Grapin A, Ferriére M, Etienne H & Carron M (1994) Effect of hypoxia on induction and development of somatic embryos in Hevea brasiliensis. In: Teisson C (ed) In Vitro Culture of Tropical Plants (pp. 23-25). CIRAD. France Merkle SA, Parrot WA & Flinn T (1995) Morphogenic aspects of somatic embryogenesis In: Thorpe TA (ed) In Vitro Embryogenesis in Plants (pp. 155-203). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht Murashige T & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473-497 Pontikis CA (1996) Psidium guajava L. (Guava) In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, Vol 35 Trees IV (pp. 309-319). Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin Teisson C & Alvard D (1995) A new concept of plant in vitro cultivation liquid medium: Temporary Immersion. In: Terezi M, Cella R & Falavigna A (ed) Current Issues in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology (pp. 105-109). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht Vilchez J (2001) Somatic embryogenesis in guava (Psidium guajava L.). Master degree Thesis. Universidad Central de Las Villas. Santa Clara, Cuba
Chapter 15 Application of a temporary immersion system in mass propagation of Phalaenopsis Tino Hempfling & Walter Preil Institute for Ornamental Plant Breeding, Bornkampsweg 31, D – 22926 Ahrensburg, Germany. E-mail: w.preil@bafz.de Abstract: A temporary immersion system consisting of a series of five-litre twin glass vessels was successfully used for in vitro adventitious shoot multiplication and rooting of Phalaenopsis. Highest shoot multiplication rate of 25.4 was achieved after twelve weeks when eight immersions per day, of ten minutes each, were used. Fresh medium containing 0.5 mg l -1 TDZ was supplemented every two weeks. The different periods of TDZ exposure affect the multiplication rate, fresh weight rate and shoot size. Seven-week culture on TDZcontaining medium, followed by five weeks on TDZ-free medium, resulted in 18 % of shoots smaller than 1 cm, 56 % were of 1-3 cm and 26 % exceeded 3 cm in length, respectively. Small shoots are suitable as inoculum for the next multiplication cycle, whereas shoots larger than 1 cm can be rooted on cytokinin-free medium. Highest percentage of rooted shoots (93.8 %) and highest root number (3.7 roots per shoot) were achieved in 1.0 mg l -1 IAA – containing medium after exposure to six immersions per day, ten minutes each. The mean survival rate of plants rooted in TIS was 94 % under standard greenhouse conditions. Key words: adventitious shoots, immersion frequency, in vitro culture, multiplication, rooting, thidiazuron Abbreviations: BAP�6-benzylaminopurine; IAA�indole-3-acetic acid; NAA�1naphthaleneacetic acid; PLB�protocorm-like body; TDZ�N-phenyl-N’1,2,3-thiadiazol-5ylurea (thidiazuron); TIS�Temporary Immersion System 1. Introduction Micropropagation of Phalaenopsis has increased remarkably in Europe over the last few years. In Germany 9.2 million plants were multiplied in 2000, 15.1 million in 2001 and 22.8 million in 2002 (Preil, 2004). The turnover of Phalaenopsis, occupying the leading position in pot plants in the 231 A.K. Hvoslef-Eide and W. Preil (eds.), Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation, 231–242. © 2005 Springer. Printed in the Netherlands.
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LIQUID CULTURE SYSTEMS FOR IN VITRO
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A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this
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Contents Contributing Authors xiii
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Liquid culture systems for in vitro
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Contributing Authors Adelberg, J. 4
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Preface Plant cell, tissue and orga
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Chapter 1 General introduction: a p
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General introduction 3 2. Cell susp
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General introduction 5 rooted in gr
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General introduction 7 (Winkelmann
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General introduction 9 the bioreact
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General introduction 11 (TIS), resu
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General introduction 13 Barz W, Rei
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General introduction 15 Hohe A, Win
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General introduction 17 Shimazu T &
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I. Bioreactors
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22 Wayne R. Curtis 1. Introduction
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24 Wayne R. Curtis headspace double
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26 Wayne R. Curtis that is required
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28 Wayne R. Curtis C L y � P O2
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30 Wayne R. Curtis since there is a
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32 Wayne R. Curtis 5 cm 30 cm 30 o
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34 Wayne R. Curtis Pˆ N � � me
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36 Wayne R. Curtis Radial Flow Impe
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38 Wayne R. Curtis CS = Medium diss
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40 Wayne R. Curtis Murashige T & Sk
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42 Anne Kathrine Hvoslef-Eide et al
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Chapter 4 Practical aspects of bior
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Practical aspects of bioreactor app
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Chapter 5 Simple bioreactors for ma
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Simple bioreactors for mass propaga
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96 K. Y. Paek et al. opportunity fo
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98 K. Y. Paek et al. disadvantages
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100 K. Y. Paek et al. 3.1 Dissolved
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102 K. Y. Paek et al. optimizing bi
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104 K. Y. Paek et al. cosmetics, wh
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106 K. Y. Paek et al. protocol, mor
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108 K. Y. Paek et al. use. In order
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110 K. Y. Paek et al. a b c d e f F
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112 K. Y. Paek et al. a b c d e f F
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114 K. Y. Paek et al. Escalona M, L
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116 K. Y. Paek et al. Son SH & Paek
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118 Seppo Sorvari et al. economical
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120 Seppo Sorvari et al. membrane w
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122 Seppo Sorvari et al. 3. Results
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124 Seppo Sorvari et al. D.O. 160 1
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Chapter 8 Cost-effective mass cloni
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Cost-effective mass cloning of plan
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144 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek 1
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146 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek F
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148 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek T
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150 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek 3
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152 Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek E
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Chapter 10 Control of growth and di
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Control of growth and differentiati
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Chapter 11 Temporary immersion syst
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Temporary immersion system: a new c
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Page 218 and 219: 210 Elio Jiménez González Escalan
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Chapter 20 Propagation of Norway sp
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 285 2.
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 287 su
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 289 5.
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 291 bl
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Propagation of Norway Spruce 293 H
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296 M. Vágner et al. 1995). In liq
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298 M. Vágner et al. maturation pe
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300 M. Vágner et al. mature somati
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302 M. Vágner et al. Acknowledgeme
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304 Christopher Hunter & Lionel Lev
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314 Michel Petitprez et al. 1. Intr
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316 Michel Petitprez et al. 2.2 QTL
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318 Michel Petitprez et al. Figure
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320 Michel Petitprez et al. Table 1
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322 Michel Petitprez et al. Gentzbi
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324 F. Afreen et al. 1. Introductio
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326 F. Afreen et al. precotyledonar
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328 F. Afreen et al. Dry mass (mg/e
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330 F. Afreen et al. under photoaut
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332 F. Afreen et al. Figure 3: a) C
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334 F. Afreen et al. the plant qual
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Chapter 25 Potential of flow cytome
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Potential of flow cytometry 339 dis
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Potential of flow cytometry 341 Fig
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Potential of flow cytometry 343 tha
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Chapter 26 Somatic embryogenesis of
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Somatic embryogenesis of Gentiana 3
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Chapter 27 Induction and growth of
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Induction and growth of tulip 361 a
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Induction and growth of tulip 363 T
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Chapter 28 Micropropagation of Ixia
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Micropropagation of Ixia 367 for PA
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Micropropagation of Ixia 369 Biomas
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Micropropagation of Ixia 371 Figure
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Chapter 29 Micropropagation of Rosa
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Micropropagation of Rosa 375 The BA
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Micropropagation of Rosa 377 Platfo
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Micropropagation of Rosa 379 3. Res
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Micropropagation of Rosa 381 The ro
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Micropropagation of Rosa 383 4. Dis
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Micropropagation of Rosa 385 Murash
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Chapter 30 Mass propagation of coni
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Mass propagation of conifer trees 3
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Chapter 31 Potentials for cost redu
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Potentials for cost reduction 405 c
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Potentials for cost reduction 407 c
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Potentials for cost reduction 409 s
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Potentials for cost reduction 411 N
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Potentials for cost reduction 413 G
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Chapter 32 A new approach for autom
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A new approach for automation 417 (
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A new approach for automation 419 p
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A new approach for automation 421 T
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A new approach for automation 423 D
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426 B. McAlister et al. 1. Introduc
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428 B. McAlister et al. 2.2 Multipl
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430 B. McAlister et al. Table 2: Mu
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432 B. McAlister et al. rest time -
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434 B. McAlister et al. Figure 3: M
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436 B. McAlister et al. Average mul
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438 B. McAlister et al. Table 4: Co
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440 B. McAlister et al. Semi-solid
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442 B. McAlister et al. Escalona M,
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444 Jeffrey Adelberg including Host
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446 Jeffrey Adelberg BioSystems (Ho
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448 Jeffrey Adelberg more prolific
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450 Jeffrey Adelberg vessel of liqu
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452 Jeffrey Adelberg Figure 4: Labo
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454 Jeffrey Adelberg constituted a
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456 Jeffrey Adelberg Acknowledgemen
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Chapter 35 Aeration stress in plant
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Aeration stress in plant tissue cul
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476 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 1. Int
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478 Hans R. Gislerød et al. biorea
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480 Hans R. Gislerød et al. A low
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482 Hans R. Gislerød et al. Table
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484 Hans R. Gislerød et al. common
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486 Hans R. Gislerød et al. can be
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488 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 4.1 Li
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490 Hans R. Gislerød et al. 4.3 Ca
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492 Hans R. Gislerød et al. Morten
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494 Han Bouman & Annemiek Tiekstra
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V. Biomass for Secondary Metabolite
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510 E. Gontier et al. 1. Introducti
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512 E. Gontier et al. 2. Materials
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514 E. Gontier et al. developed dra
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516 E. Gontier et al. 3.3 Establish
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518 E. Gontier et al. Fresh weight
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520 E. Gontier et al. 3.5 Effect of
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522 E. Gontier et al. 3.6 Scale up
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524 E. Gontier et al. Lorenzo JC, G
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526 Dirk Wilken et al. 1. Introduct
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528 Dirk Wilken et al. running at 6
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530 Dirk Wilken et al. described a
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532 Dirk Wilken et al. packed cell
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534 Dirk Wilken et al. bioactive co
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536 Dirk Wilken et al. Fowler MW (1
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Chapter 40 Cultivation of root cult
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Cultivation of root cultures of Pan
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Chapter 41 Optimisation of Panax gi
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Optimisation of Panax ginseng liqui
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558 S. M. Nalawade et al. performan
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560 S. M. Nalawade et al. Plantlets
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562 S. M. Nalawade et al. leaves on
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564 S. M. Nalawade et al. roots (Fi
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Chapter 43 Production of taxanes in
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Production of taxanes 569 2. Materi
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Production of taxanes 571 Figure 2:
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Production of taxanes 573 various T
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Acknowledgments The editors thank t
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578 Contents 130, 131, 133, 134, 13
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580 Contents poplar, see Populus Po
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582 Contents bubble aerated 165 bub
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584 Contents ginsenoside content, p
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586 Contents plant growth regulator
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588 Contents -free microcorms 71 -f
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Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

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