european college of sport science

OP-SM01 Sports Medicine 1
or the influence of age or gender apart from one study (McFarlin et al. 2006) that showed a lower TLR4 expression in active compared
with sedentary subjects in both a young and an elderly population.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the volume of self-reported moderate-strenuous exercise training on human
monocyte TLR4 expression in a large cohort of active subjects (minimum of 3 hours moderate-strenuous training per week). With local
ethics committee approval 85 healthy subjects aged 18-53 yrs, body mass 52-112 kg; BMI 18-35 kg/m2 completed a self-report questionnaire
of weekly exercise training load and a resting venous blood sample (following an overnight fast) was taken for analysis of circulating
monocyte counts and TLR4 expression (corrected for non-specific binding using an isotype control) as described by Lancaster et al.
(2005). TLR4 expression was compared in males and females matched for habitual activity level, young and older subjects matched for
habitual activity level and subjects classed according to hours of training per week (3-7 , 8-14 and 15-25 h/week). T-test and ANOVA were
used to analyse the data.
Monocyte counts were in the normal range for all subjects and were not influenced by age, gender or habitual activity level. Monocyte
TLR4 expression (geometric mean fluorescence intensity, GMFI, mean [SEM]) was not affected by age (GMFI: 20.4 [1.5] in 47 subjects aged
18-24 yrs versus 23.7 [2.3] in 23 subjects aged 30-53 yrs, P=0.240) or gender (GMFI: 19.7 [1.2] in 52 men versus 23.7 [2.3] in 31 women,
P=0.096). There was no significant main effect for physical activity level for TLR4 expression (F = 0.805, P=0.451) which was 22.2 [2.1], 21.8
[1.6] and 18.6 [1.3] (GMFI) in subjects exercising for 3-7, 8-14 and 15-25 h/week, respectively.
This study showed that TLR4 expression is not affected by exercise training load, gender or age in a physically active population.
References
Gleeson M, et al. (2006). Exerc Immunol Rev 12: 34-53.
Lancaster GI, et al. (2005). J Physiol 563(3): 945-955.
McFarlin BK, et al. (2006). J Gerontol 61(4): 388-393.
VALIDATION OF INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY AS INJURY PREVENTION METHOD IN PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS.
GÓMEZ, P., NOYA, J., NUÑEZ, J., FERNANDEZ, I., SILLERO, M.
1. FACULTY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SPORT SCIENCES-INEF. UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID (UPM), 2. VF SPORT, 3. REAL
ZARAGOZA CF, SAD
Introduction.
Tensiomiography (TMG) is been used as an injury prevention method in professional soccer players. It records the muscle response to a
known electrical stimulus intensity [1,2]. In other hand, Thermography (TG) is a technique used for detecting and managing injuries [3], in
which a camera records the infrared radiation released from the metabolic activity of human body for estimating temperatures on different
areas [4]. This study attempts to correlate both techniques in order to validate the TG as an injury prevention method in professional
footballers.
Methods: Using a Tensiomyographer (TMG 100 Measurement System, TGM - BMC Ltd.) and a Thermographic camera (ThermaCAM TM
SC640, FLIR SYSTEMS), 20 professional Spanish soccer players were assessed the day after the weekly competition. They were recorded 5
variables by TMG (Delay Time [DT], Contraction Time [CT], Sustain Time [ST], Relaxation Time [RT] y Maximal Displacement [MxD]) in both
Femoral Biceps (dominant [DFB] and non-dominant [NDFB]). Previously, it had been obtained the mean temperatures (T) of those areas by
TG.
Results: Student T-test showed lack of significant differences between DFB and NDFB for all recorded variables (DTDBF = 26.7, DTNDBF =
27.5; CTDBF = 32.2, CTNDBF = 34.3; STDBF = 191.5, STNDBF = 199.8; RTDBF = 56.5, RTNDBF = 56.0; MxDDBF = 5.8, MxDNDBF = 5.7; TDBF =
33.8, TNDBF = 33.9). Indirect significant correlations were found between T and CT (r = -0.35; p < 0.05) and DT (r = -0.39; p < 0.05) considering
together the results of both Femoral Biceps and, dividing the data in DFB and NDFB, they were found indirect significant differences
between T and STDBF (r = -0.50; p < 0.05) and between T and CTNDBF (r = -0.45; p < 0.05) and DTNDBF (r = -0.49; p < 0.05). Considering
individual cases, TG reach similar results compared with TMG on the injury risk for each player.
Discussion and Conclusion.
Differences on the significant variables for the dominant leg may be due to different contraction pattern or function during the game or to
different injuries prevalence for each leg. However, TG may be considered as a valid method in order to assess the injury risk of a professional
soccer player.
References.
1. D. Križaj, et al. (2008) Short-term repeatability of parameters extracted from radial displacement of muscle belly. Journal of Electromyography
and Kinesiology,18 (4) pp 645-651.
2. http://www.tensiomyography.com/our-star-users/tmg-references.html
3. Garagiola, U. & Giani, E. (1990). Use of telethermography in the management of sports injuries. Sports Medicine. 10(4): 267-272.
4. Barnes, R.B. (1967). Determination of body temperature by infrared emission. J. Appl. Physiol. 22:1143-1146.
INFLUENCE OF COLD WATER FACE IMMERSION ON POST-EXERCISE PARASYMPATHETIC REACTIVATION
AL HADDAD, H., AHMAIDI, S., BUCHHEIT, M.
RESEARCH LABORATORY, EA-3300 «LABORATORY OF EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY AND REHABILITATION», FACULTY OF SPORT SCIENCES, UNIVER-
SITY OF PICARDIE, JULES VERNE, 80025, AMIENS, FRANCE.
Introduction: A delayed parasympathetic reactivation after exercise is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Thus,
means of improving post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation are now receiving greater interest. Hayashi et al. (1997) showed that cold
water face immersion (CWFI) can increase vagal activity (i.e., inferred from heart rate (HR) variability (HRV)) at rest, but whether this beneficial
effect is preserved during recovery after exercise is not known. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of
CWFI on parasympathetic reactivation following exercise.
Methods: Eleven men (21.6±1.3 yr; 1.80±0.06 m; 76.1±13.0 Kg) performed, on two different occasions, an intermittent exercise (i.e., a
cycling 30-s Wingate test (to reduce vagal activity) followed by a 5-min run at 60% of maximal aerobic velocity, interspersed with 5-min of
seated recovery). Immediately after the 5-min run, participants underwent a seated passive recovery with either CWFI or without (C) condition.
Participants breathed through a snorkel in both recovery conditions. In CWFI condition, water temperature was kept at 10-12°C.
Parasympathetic reactivation was assessed through beat-to-beat HR collection (Polar Electro, Kempele, Finland) during the 5-min following
the submaximal exercise (Buchheit et al., 2007). Absolute HR recovery was calculated from the immediate 60s period after exercise
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