european college of sport science

Friday, June 26th, 2009
12:00 - 13:15
Plenary sessions
PS-PL03 Sport, Body and Mind: Towards a New Understanding?
EVIDENCE FROM RANDOMIZED TRIALS: EFFECTS ON MENTAL DISEASE OUTCOMES
DUNN, A.L.
KLEIN BUENDEL
Recent randomized clinical trials demonstrate the role of exercise and physical activity in the treament of a wide variety of mental pathologies.
Using depression illness as a primary focus and severe mental illness as a secondary focus, this discussion will highlight how
exercise could be used in the treatment of depression and severe mental disorders.
A number of randomized trials suggest that exercise could serve multiple functions in the treatment of depression disorders and severe
mental illness. One randomized trial examining different doses of exercise to treat diagnosed Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) as a
monotherapy found that an amount equivalent to public health guidelines for physical activity was effective in reducing symptoms, while
a lower dose was not. Furthermore, several studies now show response and remission rates of exercise to treat depression disorders
appear to be equivalent to standard therapies of antidepressant medication and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Exercise could also
be used to augment pharmacotherapy or CBT in patients who might not be achieving complete remission of symptoms, and there is
some evidence to suggest the use of exercise to augment traditional treatments is similar to findings from multi-site trials. Finally, recent
trials demonstrate that exercise could be used as adjunctive therapy with both depression and severe mental disorders to improve
health outcomes related to co-morbid diseases, like cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Most studies of exercise have had relatively small sample sizes in comparison to standard treatment studies of pharmacotherapy and
CBT. There is a need to demonstrate the efficacy and effectiveness of exercise treatments in well controlled studies with larger sample
sizes of diagnosed patients. Further, there is a need for better understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying treatment effects in
both primary and secondary prevention studies. This includes understanding: 1) short-term treatment effects of acute bouts of exercise; 2)
long term treatment effects to prevent relapse; 3) key factors that might influence response to treatment, e.g., why do some individuals
respond to exercise treatment; 4) the role of exercise in preventing the onset of a wide variety of mental disorders; and, 5) development of
programs that will enhance motivational factors for individuals with mental disorders to engage in regular exercise.
THE BRAIN : HOW DOES THE INTEGRATION OF SIGNALS OCCUR ?
MEEUSEN, R.
VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL
Brain research is a rapidly developing field and new understandings emerge on the interaction between the brain, motor action, and
even motivation and emotion.
Recently there has been more interest in the effects of exercise on brain processes. These new experiments arise mostly from animal
studies where the basic knowledge on possible underlying physiological mechanisms are explored. Much progress has been made in
identifying the various hormonal and neural mechanisms by which the brain informs itself about signals from the periphery, and, in turn,
generates behavioural, autonomic, and endocrine output. Several brain nuclei play crucial roles in homeostatic functions such as food
intake, and in processing prior experience with food, reward, exercise etc. From these animal studies it is known that exercise might be a
‘natural’ antidepressant, and that some neurotransmitters are influenced by regular exercise. Training will induce other neurochemical
reactions, that might explain possible underlying neurophysiological arguments for the use of training in degenerative neurological
diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer disease.
Exercise can be a powerful tool in the treatment of neurological diseases. There have been a number of studies that examined the exercise
effect on a wide variety of pathological situations, and it seems that exercise works, although there is a general need for controlled
trials.
14:15 - 15:15
Poster presentations
PP-PH07 Physiology 7
EFFECT OF REST DURATION BETWEEN RESISTANCE TRAINING SETS ON MARKERS OF MUSCLE DAMAGE IN TRAINED
MALES
GHADERI, M., RAHIMI, R., AGHA ALINEJAD, H.
AZAD UNIVERSITY OF MAHABAD
Abstract:
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of rest duration between resistance training sets on markers of muscle
damage in trained men. Therefore, ten male athletes (Mean ± SD, age=20.37± 2.24 years, body mass= 65.5 ± 26.70 kg) voluntarily
participated in four sessions with 48 h recovery time who were performing different resistance trainings. At the first session, one repetition
maximum (1RM) of participants evaluated. The subjects from the second session up to the fourth, each session, performed four sets of
squat and bench press to failure with 85 % of 1RM and one of rest intervals of 60s, 90s and 120s between the sets used randomly. Also,
there were taken three blood samples from the subjects before, immediately after, and 30 min after the training, to determine serum
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