european college of sport science

PP-PH16 Physiology 16
Discussion: Although manual massage treatment had no significant effect on perceived soreness or creatine kinase activity, it reduced
the decrement in strength following EIMD. The positive effect of the massage treatment may be due to the early intervention in the inflammatory
process, limiting the formation of oedema, and promoting an elongated period of neutrophil elevation, aiding the removal of
cellular debris. Practically, athletes involved in multiple events in a short space of time may find performance is less adversely affected by
a recovery strategy of this nature.
Keywords: Exercise-induced muscle damage; Massage; Recovery
EFFECTS OF COMBINED ENDURANCE AND STRENGTH TRAINING ON MUSCLE STRENGTH AND MORPHOLOGY IN 40-
70 YEAR OLD MEN AND WOMEN
KARAVIRTA, L., HÄKKINEN, A., SILLANPÄÄ, E., KAUHANEN, A., ARIJA BLÁZQUEZ, A., HAAPASAARI, A., KRAEMER, W.J., ALEN,
M., IZQUIERDO, M., GOROSTIAGA, E., HÄKKINEN, K.
UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ
Introduction: Strength training improves maximal strength through several mechanisms, e.g. increased voluntary muscle activation and
changes in muscle morphology (1), not only in young but also in older adults (2). However, the strength gains and hypertrophy may be
compromised in high volume combined endurance and strength training in young adults (3). This study examined the effects of combined
training on muscle strength, fibre size and composition in 40-70 year old men and women.
Methods : 30 male (57 (SD 7) yrs) and 47 female (51 (8) yrs) volunteers completed a 21-week training period of either strength training (S,
men n=11, women n=16), endurance training (E, M n=7, W n=16) or their combination (SE, M n=12, W n=15). Measurements included
maximal isometric bilateral force of the lower extremities (F), and maximal aerobic power (Pmax) in a bicycle ergometer test to exhaustion.
Muscle biopsies were obtained from VL for analyses of muscle fibre type and CSA. Progressive total body strength training with
loads up to 80 % of 1RM was performed twice a week. Endurance training was cycling twice a week with intensity ranging from moderate
in steady pace sessions to near maximal in short intervals. The combined strength and endurance training included both training programs,
resulting in a total of 4 weekly sessions.
Results: Men and women in SE increased their F by 19 (14) % and 19 (19) % (p