european college of sport science

14:15 - 15:15
Poster presentations
PP-PH13 Physiology 13
ANALYSIS OF SOMATOTYPE CHARACTERISTICS OF ELITE MALE AND FEMALE ATHLETES IN CYPRUS
ANIL, E., TINAZCI, C.
NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY
PP-PH13 Physiology 13
Introduction: Somatotype has been used to demonstrate similarities and differences between several groups of individuals including
athletes of different sports. Since 1967, the Heath-Carter somatotype method has been utilised successfully by several investigators
(Carter, 1970). Mostly, studies on somatotyping have been carried out on athletes of European and North American countries Data are
lacking, however, on somatotype studies of Turkish Cypriot athletes.
Also, Somatotype has a great role in reaching the sportive success. In athletes selection, it is important to select athletes which have the
right somatotype for the target field of sport. At this selection it is also necessary to know the pecularities of the somatotype needed for
the mentioned sport. For these reasons, the aim of this research is to find differences between somatotype pecularities of elit female and
male athletes.
Methods: In this research, 56 male and 40 female 20-32 years of age were examined to determine physique fitness. Physique was
determined by using the Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype.
The athletes taken into examination are training at least 4 days a week with their teams and the trainings are continuing avarage 90
minutes. Measures are taken from 10 different areas of the body. Skinfold thicknesses (triceps, suprailiac, subscapula and calf), diameter
(humerus and femur) and circumference (biceps, calf), weight and height of the athletes were measured. This research was completed
within three months (February-April 2008). All statistical data (mean and Standart deviation) were evaluated on SPSS software programme.
Results: In this research, the lowest endomorph value is measured as 1.8 in football team, the lowest mesomorph value is measured as
3.6 in female basketball players and the lowest ectomorph value is measured as 1.2 in handball men team. In this research, the highest
endomorph value is measured as 5.2 in tennis men team, the highest mesomorph value is measured as 6.9 in handball men team and
the highest ectomorph value as 2,7 is measured in tennis women team.
Discussion: When the somatotype values of Turkish Cypriot elit athletes are examined, it is seen that there are differences in these values
between Turkish Cypriot athletes and other country athletes.
References
1) M.O. Rosser. (2002). Sports Therapy An Introduction to Theory and Practice. Scotprint, London.
2) Carter, J. E. L., 1970 ’The somatotypes of athletes - a review’. Human Biology 42: 535-569.
RELIABILITY OF A NON-TRADITIONAL POSITION FOR IN VIVO ULTRASOUND MEASUREMENT OF HUMAN MUSCLE
FIBRE PENNATION ANGLE.
SHEARD, P.W., HARTFREE, C.L.
UNIVERSITY OF BEDFORDSHIRE
Twelve physically active individuals had consecutive images taken of their Vastus lateralis using B-mode ultrasound at 10MHz with a
linear array probe. Measurements were taken in the traditional, closed kinetic chain position with the hip, knee and ankle flexed at 90
degrees, with the foot supported and all muscles in a relaxed state (10 images) and in the novel, open kinetic chain position with the hip
and ankle flexed at 90 degrees and the knee flexed at 85 degrees via the minimal extensor muscle contraction necessary to maintain the
open kinetic chain position (10 images).
In an effort to ‘reset’ the muscle architecture between measurements and to reduce the chance of creep deformation (Lederman 2005)
from repeated contractions, series of 10 box steps, dominant limb leading, were completed between measurements as a correlate to the
activity of daily living (ADL) of stair climbing. Box height was 19.2 cm, and a tempo of 100 steps per minute (1 beat being 1 leg movement,
the equivalent of 25 complete box steps per minute) was regulated by metronome (SQ44, Seiko (UK) Ltd, Berkshire, UK). Two of the subjects
volunteered for further testing and measurements were re-taken on five days, over a period of eight, to determine intra-subject
variability.
Inter-subject reliability showed an improvement of ~30%. Intra-subject reliability showed an improvement of ~28%. The variability in the
measures at 90 degrees (SD = 1.52 degrees) were more than twice that recorded at the 85 degrees (SD = 0.74 degrees) position. These
results indicate that measurements taken at the novel position are ~30% more reliable and this improved reliability will allow for a ~76%
reduction of sample size, while maintaining similar statistical power, in future studies.
Reference:
Lederman, E. (2005) The science and practice of manual therapy. (2nd edn.) Elsevier, London.
THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATIONAL AND RELAXATION MUSIC ON AEROBIC PERFORMANCE, RATING PERCEIVED EXERTION
AND SALIVARY CORTISOL IN ATHLETE MEALS
GHADERI, M., AZARBAYJANI, M.A., RAHIMI, R., AGHA ALINEJAD, H.
AZAD UNIVERSITY OF MAHABAD., AZAD UNIVERSITY BRANCH OF CENTRAL TEHRAN., AZAD UNIVERSITY OF MAHABAD., TARBIAT MODARES
UNIVERSITY, TEHRAN.,
Introduction: Music is a source of motivation and inspiration that is much valued within the realms of sport and exercise. Relationship
between music and physiological and mental change of human body traditionally was in considering of scientists. Likewise, listening of
music during submaximal exercise resulted lower increase of salivary cortisol.
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ANNUAL CONGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN COLLEGE OF SPORT SCIENCE