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PP-PH10 Physiology 10 Results: The results showed that the average EMG (aEMG) of the tibialis anterior and antagonist muscles, normalized to their respective MVC, increased linearly (r2=0.99; r2=0.97 and r2=0.97, respectively; P
Friday, June 26th, 2009 nation. These data suggests that recovery response of different to exercise intensity between CPNS modulation and RT has a meaningful influence on loop time. USING TMS TO MEASURE THE EFFECT OF HYDROTHERAPY IN ATTENUATING CENTRAL FATIGUE FOLLOWING RE- PEATED EXERCISE. PEARCE, A.J., CASSSAR, S., KIDGELL, D.J. 1. VICTORIA UNIVERSITY, 2. DEAKIN UNIVERSITY Introduction: Hydrotherapies such as cold water immersion (CWI) and contrast hot/cold water therapy (CWT) are commonly used by athletes, following competition or training, to assist in the recovery process and to return the athlete to normative physiological state as quickly as possible. To date, investigations on recovery have focussed on peripheral variables to measure the effectiveness of hydrotherapies. Conversely, limited study has been completed to investigate the role of the central nervous system (CNS) fatigue (known as central fatigue) during the post-exercise recovery period. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we investigated the CNS in subjects following repeated exhaustive exercise bouts followed with hydrotherapy based recovery modalities. Methods: Eight trained subjects (6 m; 20 to 35 years of age; mean VO2max 59.43 ± 3.73 ml.kg-1.min-1) participated in a cross-over design of three interventions (CWI, 12-14° C for 14 mins; CWT of alternating one min hot, 38 – 40° C, and cold immersion, 12-14° C, repeated seven times; and passive rest at room ambient temperature 22° C for 14 mins) following exhaustive performance conducted over five days. Measures included excitability of the CNS (motor evoked potential amplitude or MEP) assessed using TMS, time to fatigue (TTF) performance, blood markers for muscle inflammation (lactate dehydrogenase and c-reactive protein) and damage (myoglobin and creatine kinase), and visual analogue scales (VAS) for soreness and fatigue. Results: No changes were observed with muscle damage or markers of inflammation when compared to pre-exercise values. All subjects, participating in all conditions, showed a progressive reduction in performance and MEP amplitude (p=0.04). However, greater cumulative decrements in TTF performance and MEP amplitude were demonstrated in the passive condition (30.8% decrease in performance by day five) compared to the CWI or CWT conditions (17.7% and 13.5% decrease by day five respectively). Further, MEP amplitude was associated with performance (r=0.83; p=0.01) and VAS for fatigue (r=0.75; p=0.01). Discussion: Although no differences were observed between the two hydrotherapy conditions, the results showed that hydrotherapy modalities, compared to the passive recovery, were more effective in reducing repeated performance decrements and MEP amplitudes. However, immediate changes in MEP amplitudes post recovery were not observed. EFFECTIVE RECOVERY STRATEGIES FOR ATHLETES RUNNING SEVEN MARATHONS ON SEVEN CONTINENTS IN SEVEN DAYS GLASGOW, P., GAMBLE, D., WEBB, M., JENNINGS, D., MADIGAN, S. SPORTS INSTITUTE NORTHERN IRELAND A blind athlete and his guide runner ran seven marathons on seven consecutive days on seven continents. The challenge involved circumnavigating the globe, travelling more than 35,000 miles through 24 time zones, experiencing widely variable environmental conditions (Range: 60C, 40% humidity to 370C, 90% humidity) and disrupted sleep patterns. PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of recovery strategies during a unique extreme endurance event. METHODS: Indices of physiological and psychological stress and recovery were measured immediately before and after each marathon. Muscle condition, mood state, quality of sleep, appetite, mental and physical fatigue (scale: Fantastic, OK, Poor) as well as illness and injury (scale: 0=none, 5=extremely) were measured using a questionnaire. Blood creatine kinase (CK) levels were assessed prior to the start of the event, at the mid-point (pre-marathon 4) and at the end of marathon 7. Body mass (kg) and hydration (usg) were also measured. Recovery strategies incorporated: hydration and nutrition, ice bath immersion, pool sessions, massage, compression leggings and acupuncture. RESULTS: Following each of the marathons both athletes reported muscle condition as Poor or OK (Athlete 1 (A1), poor x 4; Athlete 2 (A2), poor x 3); however, prior to each marathon the athletes reported muscle condition as Fantastic or OK indicating an improvement in muscle condition. Similar improvements in mood state and fatigue levels were also observed; indeed physical fatigue levels improved from an average of 3.3 post-marathon to an average of 1.9 pre-marathon. During the event both athletes gained between 1-2 kg body mass and hydration levels were maintained throughout (usg < 1.01). After an initial rise in CK levels from baseline (A1: 567 u/l vs. 2650 u/l and A2: 183 u/l vs. 2627 u/l) both athletes experienced a marked decline in CK levels by the end of the event (A1: 885 u/l, A2: 1639 u/l). CONCLUSION: These results reveal that the specific strategies employed enhanced recovery; muscle condition and fatigue were improved between marathons and, perhaps surprisingly, CK levels had fallen markedly by the end of the event when compared to mid-event levels. Beyond this, maintenance of body mass and appropriate hydration levels demonstrate the effectiveness of the hydration and nutritional strategies. CORRELATION BETWEEN URINARY STEROIDS LEVELS WITH MUSCLE MASS, BMC AND BMD TIMON, R., TOMAS-CARUS, P., OLCINA, G., MUÑOZ, D., TORIBIO, F., RAIMUNDO, D., MAYNAR, M. SPORT SCIENCE FACULTY, UNIVERSITY OF EXTREMADURA The muscle and bone development is influenced directly by the quantity of steroid hormones produced in the body. Purpose. The aim of this study was to correlate the urinary steroids concentration with the muscle mass, the bone mineral content (BMC) and the bone mineral density (BMD). Methods. 17 university males [age: 24.1 (2.61), height: 1.75 (0.06), weigh: 72.05 (8.33)], who did not perform strength training, were evaluated by DXA. Muscle mass, BMC and BMD were analyzed. Moreover, the first urine of the morning was taken. Testosterone, DHEA, androstenedione, androsterone, ethiocolanolone, cortisol, cortisone, tetrahydrocortisol, tetrahydrocortisone levels were performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results. Was observed that the urinary concentration of Testosterone and Cortisol correlated negatively with the level of muscle mass (r =-0,441 and r = - 0,487). At the same time, the urinary concentration of Cortisone and Cortisol also correlated negatively with the BMC (r =-0,401 and r =-0,502) and with the BMD (r =-0,427 and r =-0,448). Any more significant correlations were found. Conclusions. On the one hand, these results suggest that the muscular development depends on the endogenous levels of androgens and corticosteroids, being able to be evaluated through the urinary steroid excretion. On the other hand, low cortisol and cortisone endogenous levels can contribute to a major muscle mass and BMC and BMD. References: OSLO/NORWAY, JUNE 24-27, 2009 363
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14 th annual Congress of the EUROPE
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Organisation Congress President - S
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Welcome On behalf of The European C
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Table of Contents IS-SS03 PERFORMIN
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Table of Contents PP-BM04 BIOMECHAN
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Table of Contents AUTHORS INDEX ...
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 isolatio
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 absolute
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 been per
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 13:00 -
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 HEART RA
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 MRF RESP
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 8-12 min
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Fukuda,
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Hasegawa
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 MIDGLEY,
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Discussi
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 conducte
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 individu
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 an indiv
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 course,t
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 VO2tau a
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 3: a dis
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Spertus
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 SPACE-TI
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 tance of
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Relevanc
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 consider
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 COMPARAT
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 incremen
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Chiodo S
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 mawashi
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 STRESS A
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 DIFFEREN
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Results:
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 EFFECT O
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 experien
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Lefévre
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 of the v
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 sion (p0
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Conclusi
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 SUSTAINE
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 clinical
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 Results:
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 IMPROVEM
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 with fol
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 eration.
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 THE EFFE
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 skeletal
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 coeffici
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Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 McMahon
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Thursday,
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Hu G, Qia
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Discussio
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 entertain
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 (HRR60s),
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 evidence
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 dilatatio
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 08:30 - 1
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 fibers).
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 describin
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 biosynthe
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 EVALUATIO
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Gladden,
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 EXERCISE
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 MOTIVATIO
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Whereas t
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Sixteen y
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 LACTATE R
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 dPT value
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 and polar
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 HOW TO CA
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 ACUTE EFF
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 EFFECTS O
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 model ind
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 PEAK OXYG
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Results :
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 achieve o
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Meile, W.
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 crease of
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Backgroun
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 CHARACTER
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 sides, Th
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 differ si
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Two studi
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 letes. Es
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 CONCLUSIO
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 content.
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 the chang
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 certain d
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 However,
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 in identi
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 changes i
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 analyze t
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 good stre
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 motivatio
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 sample do
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Results:
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 THE DEPLE
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 ous after
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Results:
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Method: M
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Lukaski,
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 original
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 weight re
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 THE ’4
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 COGNITION
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 RESULTS :
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 4TH GRADE
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Mittag W,
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 useful to
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 if stress
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 In sequen
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 NON-LINEA
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 COMPARISO
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 2 Faculty
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 DOES PREC
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 mean head
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 the Medit
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 DIFFERENT
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 THE IMPAC
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 reflected
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 THE EFECT
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 MUSCLE FA
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 mated mal
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 logical s
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Eight hea
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 THE RATE
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Our data
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 IDENTIFYI
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 handicap
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 High pain
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 of childr
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 present n
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 ing sessi
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 Methods:
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 muscle fi
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 BRONCHIAL
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Thursday, June 25th, 2009 We conclu
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Sternberg,
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 during the
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 broader soc
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Page 393 and 394: Friday, June 26th, 2009 PHYSICAL AC
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Page 399 and 400: Friday, June 26th, 2009 Conclusions
Page 403 and 404: Friday, June 26th, 2009 LATERAL SPE
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Page 407 and 408: Friday, June 26th, 2009 Body weight
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 JS and JF w
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Methods: To
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 • Bandura
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 pared to le
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 HORSE-RIDIN
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 COMPLEMENTA
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 14:15 - 15:
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 stroke at 9
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 years). For
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 LACTATE AND
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 THE RELATIO
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 showed that
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 condition w
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 TIME TO EXH
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 The results
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 [2] Del Mon
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Conclusions
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 The aim of
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 3) POKORN,
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 14:15 - 15:
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 adjustment
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 was evaluat
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 their actio
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 The main ob
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Discussion:
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 et al., 199
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 chemistry,
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 15:15 - 16:
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 15:15 - 16:
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 ELECTROMYOG
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 THE MELATON
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 GENDER DIFF
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Savulescu,
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Moget, P &
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 implicit in
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Maykut, P.,
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Methods: Th
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 Discussion:
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 17:15 - 18:
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 FASTER PLAY
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 EFFECTS OF
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 separately.
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Friday, June 26th, 2009 EFFECTS OF
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Scheiber
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 the inten
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 08:30 - 1
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 nomic ner
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 DUE TO TH
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 tations,
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 activity
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 In Experi
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 The prese
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Kohler G
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Results:
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 after A4.
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Reference
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 The resul
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Through s
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 HOW DOSE
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 a more re
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 THE KINET
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 and the i
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 cyclists
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 using an
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Andersen,
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Sixteen h
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Methods:
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 P.D. Tomp
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Methods:
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 EFFECT OF
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 counterpa
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Discussio
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 REFERENCE
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Roche AF,
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Departmen
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 OPTIMISAT
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 applicati
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Cortical
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 THE RELAT
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 among pre
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Sheppard
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 except fo
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 n=10) did
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 2. Borran
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 diabetic,
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 SD±0.59
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 petitors)
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Luo J, Mc
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Results a
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 IMPROVED
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 THE EFFEC
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 contribut
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 board tha
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 The techn
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Mujika I,
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 respectiv
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 and was c
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Thirty fe
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Dugan EL,
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 ENERGY EX
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 Chung CK,
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 integrati
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Saturday, June 27th, 2009 ment. It
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Authors index ANNA, A..............
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Authors index BRISSWALTER, J. .....
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Authors index D D ELIA, F..........
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Authors index FERES, A.............
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Authors index GRENIER, J. .........
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Authors index IBAÑEZ, J. .........
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Authors index KISHI, Y. ...........
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Authors index LEWIS, N.C.S. .......
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Authors index MENDIGUCHÍA, J......
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Authors index NOBORU, T............
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Authors index PODLOG, L............
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Authors index SAKAI, T.............
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Authors index SMITH, R.S. .........
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Authors index TORDI, N. ...........
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Authors index WILLERSLEV-OLSEN, M..
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