european college of sport science

Saturday, June 27th, 2009
contribution of swimming, cycling and running performance in the overall results of Triathlon with different distances. It examined the
performance of elite male athletes, top ten in race, in competitions of Triathlon held in Brazil in the last three years. For the characterization
of evidence with different distances, the performance in swimming, cycling and running was correlated with the overall time of the
different races analyzed, considering the significant correlations with p < 0.05. In step of Ironman held in Brazil, the modalities cycling
and running were determinants (r = 0.88 and 0.77, p < 0.05, respectively), with swimming having no significance for the outcome (r =
0.35, p > 0.05). Brazilian Championship of Long Distance (3 km of swimming, 80 km cycling and 20 km running) running and cycling
were the decisive manner (r = 0.93 and 0.85, p < 0.05, respectively), with swimming having no significance for the outcome (r = 0.50, p >
0.05). In the Brazilian Championship Olympic Triathlon (vacuum permitted), running and swimming were determinants (r = 0.99 and 0.74,
p < 0.05, respectively) and cycling had negative influence on the performance of the race (r = - 0.79, p < 0.05). In Short Triathlon (vacuum
permitted and allowed distances of 0.75 km of swimming, 20km cycling and 5km running), all procedures were important to the overall
performance, especially the running (r = 0.90, p < 0.05), cycling (r = 0.85, p < 0.05) and finally the swimming (r = 0.66, p < 0.05). After the
analysis and interpretation of data, we can conclude that: i) the tactics used in race with the vacuum permitted seems different the race
without vacuum, ii) there are differences between the tactics employed for the Triathlon held at different distances, so it is necessary to
analyze the distance from race to the athlete direct his tactics for the competition; iii) the running is the main modality in determining
results of Triathlon, in the most distances analyzed. There is still a need for further studies on the performance of triathletes at different
distances, including female athletes.
THE IMPACT OF MUSIC ON PHYSIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, COORDINATIVE EFFECTS IN RECREATIONAL AND ELITE
RUNNERS
FERRAUTI, A., KRANASTER, D., SANDTLER, H., TINNEFELD, P.
RUHR UNIVERSITY OF BOCHUM
The common consumption of electronic music by small and light mp3 players during running raises the question if there is a performance
benefit on the one hand or a cardiovascular risk on the other hand, respectively, for recreational and elite runners.
In our study eight recreational runners (RR: age 24.8±3.3 yrs; size 182±4 cm; body mass 81.0±7.9 kg; BMI 22.5±2.2; anaerobic threshold
[v4] 3.26±0.48 m/s) and eight elite runners (ER: age 28.6±3.5 yrs; size 182±3 cm; body mass 73.8±5.1 kg; BMI 20.5±1.5; v4 4.36±0.25
m/s) completed an incremental treadmill test (TT) and a continuous running session (RS) until exhaustion at a velocity of 90 % v4. Both
experimental parts were repeated twice with at least three days of recovery in between. The runners listened to self selected and sorted
music by an mp3 player with earphones (volume was not limited) during one of the two exercise repetitions in a matched cross-over
design. In TT we determined sub maximum (4 mmol/l blood lactate, LA) and maximum values for running velocity (v), heart rate (HR), VO2
and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). In RS we measured total running time and total running distance as well as LA, HR, respiratory exchange
ratio (RER), RPE, stride frequency (SF) and stride length (SL) for every 10 min interval of running time.
The following results (mean ± standard deviation) were calculated using a multi factor ANOVA (main factors were performance group,
music intervention and measurement time). In TT the music intervention (M) had no main effect on sub maximum and maximum running
velocity, HF and VO2. RPE at 2 mmol/l LA was significantly lower in M (10.8±3.5 vs. 12.5±1.2, p