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Annual Meeting Proceedings Part 1 - American Society of Clinical ...

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1521 Poster Discussion Session (Board #10), Sun, 8:00 AM-12:00 PM and<br />

11:30 AM-12:30 PM<br />

Alcohol and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: The PLCO<br />

experience. Presenting Author: Roni Falk, Division <strong>of</strong> Cancer Epidemiology<br />

and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD<br />

Background: Moderate alcohol consumption is an established breast cancer<br />

(BC) risk factor. Invasive BC is a heterogeneous disease comprised <strong>of</strong><br />

several histological subtypes with distinct biological features that suggest<br />

etiologic differences. Several studies show the alcohol link may be stronger<br />

for estrogen receptor-positive tumors (ER�/PR� and ER�/PR-) and for<br />

lobular BC. Few have evaluated the role <strong>of</strong> alcohol consumption by BC<br />

histology and hormone receptor status combined. Methods: We evaluated<br />

the risk <strong>of</strong> BC by baseline alcohol consumption in the Prostate, Lung,<br />

Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial cohort (54649 participants,<br />

1786 incident invasive breast cancers) by histology and hormone receptor<br />

status. Histologic subtype-specific associations were evaluated using a<br />

recently developed Cox proportional hazards model to calculate multivariate<br />

hazards ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: 1444<br />

ductal (81%), 233 lobular (13%) and 109 mixed ductal lobular (6%) cases<br />

were identified. The majority were ER�/PR� (ductal: 959 ER�/PR�, 136<br />

ER�/PR-, 229 ER-/PR-; lobular: 179 ER�/PR�,37ER�/PR-, 6 ER-/PR-;<br />

mixed ductal/lobular: 88 ER�/PR�, 6ER�/PR-, 5 ER-/PR-). For ductal<br />

and lobular BC, risks for alcohol consumption were modestly elevated;<br />

compared to never drinkers, women consuming 7-14 drinks/week had a<br />

40% increase in HR in both histologic subtypes. Risks for mixed ductal<br />

lobular cancer were significantly higher, particularly for women consuming<br />

7-14 drinks per week (HR�3.0; 95% CI�1.5, 6.1). For all histologies<br />

combined, alcohol risks were confined to ER�/PR� cancers with HR�1. 6<br />

(95% CI�1.3, 2.1) for women consuming 7-14 drinks/ week; p<br />

trend�0.0005. Similarly, for each histologic subtype, the risk for alcohol<br />

consumption was limited to ER�/PR� tumors, and notably, very few cases<br />

with pure lobular or mixed ductal lobular cancer were either ER�/PR- or<br />

ER-/PR-. Conclusions: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with<br />

risk <strong>of</strong> ER�/PR� BC in each <strong>of</strong> the predominant histologic subtypes, but<br />

not with hormone receptor-negative cancer. Unlike other studies, we did<br />

not find a link between alcohol consumption and ER�/PR- BC.<br />

1523 Poster Discussion Session (Board #12), Sun, 8:00 AM-12:00 PM and<br />

11:30 AM-12:30 PM<br />

Genetic polymorphisms <strong>of</strong> the OPG gene associated with breast cancer.<br />

Presenting Author: Gunter Assmann, University Medical School <strong>of</strong> Saarland<br />

and Jose Carreras Research Center, Homburg, Germany<br />

Background: The receptor activator <strong>of</strong> NfkappaB (RANK) and osteoprotegerin<br />

(OPG) cascade system have been reported to play a role in the<br />

pathogenesis <strong>of</strong> breast cancer (BC). Genetic variations in the genes coding<br />

for RANK, RANK ligand (RANKL), and OPG are supposed to play a role in<br />

the susceptibility <strong>of</strong> breast cancer. Methods: In the present case-control<br />

study genomic DNA was obtained from 307 BC patients (age: median 56)<br />

and 396 healthy female controls (healthy blood donors, HC; age median:<br />

45). We studied six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes<br />

coding for RANK (2 SNPs, rs1805034, rs35211496), OPG (2 SNPs,<br />

rs3102735, rs2073618), and RANKL (2 SNPs, rs9533156, rs2277438)<br />

using TaqMan assay-guided PCR for the respective SNPs. The genotype<br />

and allelic frequencies comparing BC with HC were analyzed with �2 test<br />

for 2x3 and 2x2 tables, respectively. Results: The genotype distributions as<br />

well as the allelic frequencies <strong>of</strong> the SNP rs3102735 in the OPG gene<br />

differed significantly (p�0.006 and p�0.019, respectively) between BC<br />

patients and HC; the genotypes containing the minor allele were more<br />

frequent in BC patients (table). In the OPG SNP rs2073618 the minor<br />

allele C was significantly less frequent in BC patients compared to HC<br />

(43.8 vs. 49.7%; OR: 0.788; p�0.031). In addition, BC patients carried<br />

less frequently the homozygous genotype <strong>of</strong> the minor allele compared to<br />

major allele (18.6 vs. 23.9%, p�0.083). No significant risk was detected<br />

for the other SNPs investigated in this study. Conclusions: This is the first<br />

study reporting a significant association <strong>of</strong> the SNP rs3102735 in the OPG<br />

gene with the susceptibility to develop BC in the Caucasian population. The<br />

minor allele C <strong>of</strong> OPG SNP rs2073618, however, seems to be protective<br />

against BC disease. The impact <strong>of</strong> the OPG SNP rs3102735 (location:<br />

5�near region, chromosome 8q24) and <strong>of</strong> the OPG SNP rs2073618 (a<br />

missense SNP, leading to amino acid exchanges Leu3Asn) on the pathogenesis<br />

<strong>of</strong> BC are unclear.<br />

SNP<br />

Allele /<br />

genotypes<br />

Breast<br />

cancer<br />

Healthy<br />

females<br />

OR<br />

(95% CI) p value<br />

OPG rs3102735 n�614 (%) n�784 (%)<br />

Allele minor C 113 (18.4%) 102 (13.0%) 1.508 0.006<br />

Major T 501 (81.6%) 682 (87.0%) (1.127-2.018)<br />

n�307 (%) n�392 (%)<br />

Genotype CC 10 (3.3%) 5 (1.3%) 0.019<br />

CT 93 (30.3%) 92 (23.5%)<br />

TT 204 (66.4%) 295 (75.3%)<br />

Cancer Prevention/Epidemiology<br />

91s<br />

1522 Poster Discussion Session (Board #11), Sun, 8:00 AM-12:00 PM and<br />

11:30 AM-12:30 PM<br />

Contribution <strong>of</strong> TP53 p.R337H mutation to breast cancer prevalence in<br />

Brazil. Presenting Author: Patricia Ashton-Prolla, UFRGS/HCPA, Porto<br />

Alegre, Brazil<br />

Background: The exact contribution <strong>of</strong> TP53 germline mutations, associated<br />

with Li Fraumeni Syndrome, to the overall burden <strong>of</strong> cancer is still only<br />

partially known. Studies in Southern and Southeastern Brazil have shown<br />

that a specific germline mutation at codon 337 (c.1010G�A; p.R337H),<br />

has incomplete penetrance and may be present in a significant number <strong>of</strong><br />

subjects (estimated frequency at the populational level <strong>of</strong> 1:300 individuals).<br />

In an exploratory approach, the aim <strong>of</strong> the study is to assess the<br />

frequency <strong>of</strong> the p.R337H mutation in women from different Brazilian<br />

regions, diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) before 46 and after 55 years <strong>of</strong><br />

age, and unselected for family history <strong>of</strong> cancer. Methods: Formalin-fixed<br />

paraffin-embedded (FFPE) non-tumoral tissue (lymph nodes or normal<br />

breast) <strong>of</strong> women diagnosed with BC between 2000 and 2010 in 3<br />

pathology laboratories from the Brazilian cities <strong>of</strong> Porto Alegre, São Paulo<br />

and Barretos were obtained retrospectively and analyzed after anonimization.<br />

Genomic DNA was isolated with standard methods and genotyping<br />

performed in duplicates by qPCR (TaqMan assay). Confirmation <strong>of</strong> all<br />

mutation-positive and a sample <strong>of</strong> mutation-negative cases were done by<br />

TP53 exon 10 sequencing or by a second independent qPCR analysis.<br />

Results: Analysis <strong>of</strong> 515 BC-affected women identified the p.R337H<br />

mutation in the germline <strong>of</strong> 70 (8,6%) cases: 49/403 (12,1%) diagnosed<br />

before 46 years and 21/412 (5,1%) diagnosed after 55 years. BC occurred<br />

earlier in p.R337H mutation carriers than in non-carriers (p�0.001).<br />

Conclusions: Preliminary analysis in a sample <strong>of</strong> women with BC indicates<br />

that p.R337H founder mutation is present in a high proportion <strong>of</strong> cases,<br />

especially those diagnosed at a young age. Regional genetic background<br />

and recruitment strategies may account for the different mutation frequencies<br />

observed in the centers <strong>of</strong> study. The occurrence <strong>of</strong> this mutation at<br />

such a high frequency in a particular geographic region has important<br />

implications for disease management and cancer risk counseling for these<br />

patients and families. This mutation likely contributes to a significant<br />

proportion <strong>of</strong> the health burden associated with BC in Brazil. Financial<br />

support: FIPE-HCPA, CAPES, FAPERGS and Glaxo Smith Kline.<br />

1524 Poster Discussion Session (Board #13), Sun, 8:00 AM-12:00 PM and<br />

11:30 AM-12:30 PM<br />

Breast cancer intrinsic subtypes by PAM50 in older women. Presenting<br />

Author: Emily Oldham Jenkins, University <strong>of</strong> North Carolina Lineberger<br />

Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC<br />

Background: Breast cancer (BC) incidence dramatically increases with age<br />

and the number <strong>of</strong> older BC patients (pts) in the U.S. is rising. Although<br />

immunohistochemical (IHC) data confirm that the incidence <strong>of</strong> luminal BC<br />

increases with age while the incidence <strong>of</strong> triple negative (TN) BC decreases,<br />

age-specific data on the frequency <strong>of</strong> BC subtypes defined by gene<br />

expression is limited. We characterized the incidence <strong>of</strong> BC intrinsic<br />

subtypes using gene microarrays according to age. Methods: Data from<br />

2,150 pts were pooled from publicly available microarray datasets to<br />

determine the incidence <strong>of</strong> PAM50 breast cancer intrinsic subtypes<br />

(Luminal A [LumA], Luminal B [LumB], HER2-enriched [Her2E], Basallike<br />

[Basal] and Normal-like [Norm]) by age. Adjuvant treatment data<br />

(none, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy or both) were available for 1,741<br />

samples. Relapse-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) differences were<br />

determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: PAM50 intrinsic<br />

subtypes by age are tabulated below. The incidence <strong>of</strong> luminal (A, B, A�B)<br />

tumors increased with age (p�0.01, p�0.0001, p�0.0001, respectively),<br />

while the percentage <strong>of</strong> basal tumors decreased (p�0.0001). Basal tumors<br />

represented 13% <strong>of</strong> pts aged � 70 years (yrs); <strong>of</strong> the 70% with available<br />

IHC data, 74% were TNBC. Age as a continuous variable was not associated<br />

with RFS (p � 0.37). Subtype alone (n�2031), and after controlling for<br />

treatment (n�1645), was significantly associated with RFS (both<br />

p�0.0001). The addition <strong>of</strong> age to a multivariate analysis added no<br />

prognostic information. Conclusions: Though more favorable subtypes<br />

increase with age, older BC pts still have a substantial percentage <strong>of</strong><br />

high-risk subtypes. Age alone was not a significant factor in outcome.<br />

Tumor biology as defined by intrinsic subtype is an important clinical<br />

predictor.<br />

PAM50 intrinsic subtypes by age.<br />

Age (total n�2150)

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