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Annual Meeting Proceedings Part 1 - American Society of Clinical ...

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5520 Poster Discussion Session (Board #10), Sat, 8:00 AM-12:00 PM and<br />

12:00 PM-1:00 PM<br />

Role <strong>of</strong> c-MET pathway in the outcome prediction <strong>of</strong> cetuximab-based<br />

therapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma <strong>of</strong><br />

the head and neck. Presenting Author: Victoria Casado, Oncology Department.<br />

Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid,<br />

Spain<br />

Background: Activation <strong>of</strong> the c-MET oncogene promotes tumor growth,<br />

invasion and metastasis in several tumor types. In addition, c-MET has<br />

been reported in consort with EGFR and/or be activated as a compensatory<br />

pathway in the presence <strong>of</strong> EGFR blockade resulting a mechanism <strong>of</strong><br />

acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung and colorectal carcinoma.<br />

We investigated the impact on cetuximab sensitivity <strong>of</strong> HGF, c-MET, c-MET<br />

activation and c-MET gene status in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell<br />

carcinoma <strong>of</strong> the head and neck (HNSCC) patients. Methods: A singleinstitution<br />

retrospective analysis including 50 HNSCC patients was carried<br />

out. For each case, formalin-fixed tumor specimens were assayed for HGF,<br />

total and phosphorylated Y1234/35 c-MET (p-c-MET) by immunohistochemistry<br />

and c-MET gene by FISH. Overexpression criteria were defined by ROC<br />

curves for each protein and amplification was defined by �2 copies in at<br />

least two <strong>of</strong> the three studied tumor areas. Results were analyzed for<br />

association with clinico-pathological features and survival outcomes for<br />

cetuximab-treated patients (median follow-up 75 months). Results: c-MET<br />

overexpression was detected in 26 (52%) <strong>of</strong> patients, c-MET amplification<br />

in 15 (30%) and p-c-MET in 12 (24%). Amplification was associated with<br />

c-MET overexpression (p�0.004). HGF overexpression was observed in 8<br />

(12%) associated with c-MET phosphorylation (p�0.001), suggesting a<br />

paracrine activation <strong>of</strong> receptor. No significant association with clinicopathological<br />

parameters was detected. Log-rank test showed significantly<br />

worse outcome in c-MET overexpressing patients for progression-free (PFS)<br />

(p�0.002) and overall survival (OS) (p�0.045); p-c-MET was correlated<br />

with worse PFS (p�0.014) and OS (p�0.001). In multivariate logistic<br />

regression analysis, p-c-MET was an independent prognostic factor for PFS<br />

(HR 6.5; 95% CI 1.5-8.9). Conclusions: HGF/c-MET pathway correlated<br />

with worse outcome in cetuximab-based regimen treated HNSCC patients,<br />

acting as a resistance mechanism for EGFR inhibitors and supporting a<br />

dual blocking HGF/c-MET and EGFR pathways for treatment <strong>of</strong> these<br />

patients.<br />

5522 Poster Discussion Session (Board #12), Sat, 8:00 AM-12:00 PM and<br />

12:00 PM-1:00 PM<br />

Exploratory pharmacodynamics (PD) trial to investigate the mechanism <strong>of</strong><br />

action <strong>of</strong> RG7160 (GA201), a novel dual-acting, monoclonal antibody<br />

(mAb) designed to enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC),<br />

compared with cetuximab (C) in neoadjuvant head and neck squamous cell<br />

carcinoma (HNSCC). Presenting Author: Stéphane Temam, Institut Gustave<br />

Roussy, Villejuif, France<br />

Background: GA201 efficacy was superior to C in orthotopic xenograft<br />

models in terms <strong>of</strong> activity and PD. In a phase I study, objective responses<br />

and long lasting stable disease were observed in heavily pre-treated<br />

patients (pts). Methods: HNSCC pts (T2-4, any N, M0) received i.v.<br />

neo-adjuvant 700/1400 mg GA201 or C (as per SPC), on D1 and 8. Tumor<br />

biopsies were taken at baseline (BL) and pre-surgery. The primary objective<br />

was determination <strong>of</strong> changes in tumor immune cell infiltration after<br />

treatment. Peripheral CD3�, CD16�, CD56� cells, plasma cytokines,<br />

tumor EGFR and 18F-FDG-PET avidity were also studied. Results: To date,<br />

39 pts (15/10 vs 14 pts for 700/1400 GA201 vs C, respectively) were<br />

evaluable for the primary objective and 4 pts are on-going. Patient<br />

characteristics at BL were as follows: median age, 57/62 vs 62 years;<br />

gender, 11/10 vs 12 male; tumor size � 4 cm, 7/3 vs 3 pts. A greater<br />

proportion <strong>of</strong> pts receiving GA201 compared to C had metabolic tumor<br />

reduction (� 25% <strong>of</strong> SUVmax) (10/15 at 700 mg [1 pathological CR], 7/10<br />

at 1400 mg GA201 vs 7/14 C pts) and symptomatic relief (6/12 at 700 mg,<br />

6/7 at 1,400 mg GA201 vs 2/10 C pts). Table shows changes in PD<br />

markers. Conclusions: GA201 treatment, compared to C, exhibited more<br />

extensive tumor immune cell infiltration and a greater metabolic response.<br />

Consistent with the proposed mechanism <strong>of</strong> action <strong>of</strong> GA201, peripheral<br />

NK cells dropped and a unique cytokine pr<strong>of</strong>ile was observed. The data<br />

support the immunomodulatory superiority <strong>of</strong> GA201 - a mAb designed to<br />

enhance ADCC compared to C.<br />

Median change from BL (range)<br />

GA201<br />

C ‡<br />

700 mg* 1,400 mg †<br />

Tumor biopsy 1<br />

CD3� (cells/mm 2 ) 396 (–987, 2336) 205 134 (–45, 722)<br />

EGFR (intensity 3; %) –14 (–83, 25) – –5.5 (–65, 43)<br />

Peripheral blood<br />

CD16� and/or CD56�/CD3– % –97 (–100, –92) –98 (–100, –97) –1 (–71, 59)<br />

CD3� % –89 (–98, –73) –93 (–96, –78) –59 (–86, 178)<br />

IL-15 % 946 (0, 2113) 695 (649, 742) 0 (–53, 7)<br />

IL-1RA % 6,950 (706, 21,933) 1,201 (873, 1,529) –16 (–70, 19)<br />

*n� 14-15; † n � 1-2; ‡ n � 8-12 for paired samples.<br />

1<br />

Correlations with SUVmax are being investigated.<br />

Head and Neck Cancer<br />

361s<br />

5521 Poster Discussion Session (Board #11), Sat, 8:00 AM-12:00 PM and<br />

12:00 PM-1:00 PM<br />

Differential expression <strong>of</strong> EGFR, HER2, P16, and high-risk (hr) HPV status<br />

in oropharyngeal (Or) and oral cavity (OC) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).<br />

Presenting Author: Anne Sudaka, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France<br />

Background: We aimed to better characterize the expression <strong>of</strong> epidermal<br />

growth factor receptors family in Or and OC SCC and correlate it to hr HPV<br />

status and anatomoclinical features. Methods: In formalin fixed paraffin<br />

embedded tumor tissues, chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) was<br />

performed to detect hr HPV and immunohistochemistry to evaluate EGFR<br />

(positive score: 4 to 6), HER2 (0�negative, 1�positive) and P16 (positive<br />

score:�70% labeled cells) expression. Baseline data were collected and<br />

analyze will be used. Results: Among 128 pts, 69 were tobacco users and<br />

58 male. Median age at diagnosis was 61 y [23-95]. EGFR, Her2, P16<br />

expression and hrHPV positivity were seen in 84 (65%), 12 (9%), 47<br />

(37%) and 47 (37%) respectively. P16 signal was linked with absence <strong>of</strong><br />

tobacco (31% vs. 72%, Pearson chi2 test: p�10-3 ), absence <strong>of</strong> alcohol<br />

(48% vs. 83%, p�10-3 ), Or site (53% vs. 76%, p�0.005), T1 (34% vs.<br />

19%, p�0.06), N0 (52% vs. 23%, p�0.003), absence <strong>of</strong> nodal capsular<br />

rupture (85% vs. 68%, p�0.02), WHO grade 3 (37% vs. 68%, p�0.001),<br />

hr HPV detection (17% vs. 70%, p�10-3 ). Multivariate analysis confirmed<br />

the link between P16 expression and hr HPV CISH positivity (OR�0.05, CI<br />

95% [0.01-0.21], p�10-3 ) , absence <strong>of</strong> tobacco (OR�9.2, CI 95%<br />

[2.1-40.7], p�0.03) and N0 (OR�0.2, CI 95% [0.04- 0.75], p�0.02).<br />

EGFR signal was linked with tobacco (31% vs 78%,p�10-3 ), alcohol (57%<br />

vs 81%, p�0.02), OC localization (77% vs 58%, p�0.03), well differentiated<br />

SCC (73% WHO grade 1-2 vs 56% grade 3, p�0.04), absence <strong>of</strong> hr<br />

HPV detection (74% vs 52%, p�0.01) and absence <strong>of</strong> P16 labeling (78%<br />

vs 44%, p�10-3 ). Multivariate analysis confirmed the link between EGFR<br />

positivity and tobacco (OR�0.32, CI 95% [0.1-0.9], p�0.03), alcohol<br />

(OR�9.5, CI 95% [1.2- 72.8], p�0.03) and OC localization (OR�0.3, CI<br />

95% [0.1-1], p�0.05). HER2 signal was linked with alcohol (5% vs 18%,<br />

p�0.04), history <strong>of</strong> tobacco associated neoplasia (10% vs 0%, p�0.02),<br />

Or site (14% vs 2%, p�0.03) and who grade 3 (5% vs 14%, p�0.06).<br />

Her2 labeling was not associated with tobacco, sex, hr HPV detection, P16<br />

positivity or EGFR one. Conclusions: Hr HPV associated SCC have a low<br />

expression <strong>of</strong> EGFR and are not associated with HER2 labeling.<br />

5523 Poster Discussion Session (Board #13), Sat, 8:00 AM-12:00 PM and<br />

12:00 PM-1:00 PM<br />

Differences in biomarker expression in HNSCC according to p53 status.<br />

Presenting Author: Rebecca Anne Feldman-Moreno, Caris Life Sciences,<br />

Phoenix, AZ<br />

Background: Patients with p53 wildtype head and neck squamous cell<br />

carcinoma (HNSCC) tend to be HPV-positive, which associates with better<br />

prognosis. The purpose <strong>of</strong> this study was to explore biomarker expression<br />

pr<strong>of</strong>iles for insight into molecular differences in HNSCC patients based on<br />

p53 status. Methods: TP53 gene sequencing using the AmpliChip p53<br />

microarray (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.) was attempted on 61 HNSCC<br />

patients previously tested with Caris Target Now tumor pr<strong>of</strong>iling service.<br />

DNA was extracted from a FFPE sample, amplified and processed on the<br />

AmpliChip p53 microarray to detect single base pair substitution and<br />

deletion mutations in exons 2-11andtheir flanking splice sites in the<br />

TP53 gene (GenBank X54156). EGFR FISH , HER2 IHC and 22 other<br />

predictive biomarkers, e.g. TS, TOPO2A, MGMT, etc., were assayed and<br />

retrospectively analyzed. All tests were performed in a CLIA-certified lab<br />

and interpreted by board-certified pathologists or cytogeneticists. Statistical<br />

analysis was performed using SPSS (PASW statistics17) for parametric<br />

and non-parametric tests <strong>of</strong> independence. Results: 52 cases provided<br />

sufficient quality DNA for p53 analysis and results revealed a mutation rate<br />

<strong>of</strong> 25% in HNSCC patients. Interestingly, only EGFR FISH and HER2 IHC<br />

(p�.002 and p�.004, respectively) were differentially expressed in<br />

wildtype vs. mutated p53. Matched-pair analysis in the p53 mutated<br />

subgroup (n�13) showed no significant trend regarding EGFR status<br />

(p�.763) but a slight trend towards HER-2 negativity (p�.020). In the p53<br />

wildtype subgroup (n�39), a strong association with EGFR FISH nonamplification<br />

(n�28, 71.8%, p�.001) as well as HER-2 negativity (n�38,<br />

97.4%, p�.001) was shown. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first<br />

analysis <strong>of</strong> differential biomarker expression pr<strong>of</strong>iles in HNSCC based on<br />

p53 status. We hypothesize that the absence <strong>of</strong> EGFR amplification in the<br />

p53 wildtype cancers may be a contributing factor to the improved<br />

prognosis observed in HPV-positive HNSCC. Additionally, the strong<br />

association between p53 wildtype HNSCC patients and EGFR nonamplification<br />

suggests EGFR-targeted therapies like cetuximab would<br />

likely fail in p53 wildtype patients.<br />

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