Air quality expert group - Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in ... - Defra

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Emissions and receptor modelling Key § refers to sections within a specific chapter; references to ‘para’ numbers are within this chapter. Urgency 1. Short-term strategic action is required. 2. Mid-term strategic action is required. 3. Longer term action is required either to develop capability or address a large issue. Impact/importance H – High impact/importance – Will have a significant immediate impact on policy/evidence. M – Medium impact/importance – Will have an impact on policy/evidence. L – Low impact/importance – Will have some impact on policy/evidence. Conclusions and Future Directions Enhancement of emission inventories: See Chapter 4 (§4.7) and para 11 • non-exhaust vehicle emissions including tyre and brake wear, road abrasion and road dust resuspension • impact of UK biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) on formation of SOA • fugitive dust emissions from construction, demolition, quarrying, mineral handling, industrial and agricultural processes • PM2.5 emissions from domestic and commercial cooking • small-scale waste burning and bonfires • wood burning and the effectiveness of control measures • biogenic emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) • exhaust emissions from off-road machinery used in construction and industry • exhaust emissions from diesel vehicles under real world driving conditions • development of inventories that quantify the spatial and temporal variability in emissions of primary PM2.5 and precursor emissions of NH3 from agriculture and methods for their control Modelling and the future Model evaluation and the link to measurements 1 H See Chapter 4 (§4.7) and para 12 2 H See Chapter 4 (§4.7) 2 M See Chapter 4 (§4.7) and para 13 1 M See Chapter 5 (§5.7) Accuracy of near-term forecast models 3 L See Chapter 5 (§5.7) Model availability and ability to address each PM component and mass closure Import of transboundary PM (present and future) Need for assessment of ability to control future PM2.5 concentrations; dependency on ammonia 2 M See Chapter 5 (§5.7) 1 H See Chapter 5 (§5.7) 1 H See Chapter 5 (§5.7) 179
PM2.5 in the UK 180
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AIR QUALITY EXPERT GROUP Fine Parti
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This is a report from the Air Quali
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II Membership Chair Professor Paul
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IV Acknowledgements The Air Quality
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VI 2.5 Summary 39 2.5.1 What does t
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VIII 5.4 Components of PM2.5 and so
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PM2.5 in the UK 2 Air Quality Direc
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PM2.5 in the UK 4 I.2.1 Concentrati
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PM2.5 in the UK 6 • PM2.5 emissio
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PM2.5 in the UK 8 I.4.1 Modelling r
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PM2.5 in the UK 10 4. In broad term
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PM2.5 in the UK Table 1.2: National
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PM2.5 in the UK 14 17. Dry depositi
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PM2.5 in the UK 16 in ozone in the
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PM2.5 in the UK 18
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PM2.5 in the UK 20 5. The exact for
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PM2.5 in the UK 22 12. These diffic
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PM2.5 in the UK 24 2.3 Methods used
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PM2.5 in the UK 26 (e) During the
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PM2.5 in the UK 28 2.3.3 The Partis
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PM2.5 in the UK 30 35. For non-auto
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PM2.5 in the UK 32 43. Ratification
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PM2.5 in the UK 34 49. Many of the
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PM2.5 in the UK 36 57. Black carbon
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PM2.5 in the UK 38 2.4.4 PM2.5 elem
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PM2.5 in the UK 40 average of 93.6%
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PM2.5 in the UK Annex 1 - PM2.5 mon
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PM2.5 in the UK 44
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PM2.5 in the UK 46 3.2.1 Diurnal va
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PM2.5 in the UK 48 PM2.5/µgm -3 20
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PM2.5 in the UK 50 3.2.4 Seasonal v
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PM2.5 in the UK 52 12. Results are
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PM2.5 in the UK 54 3.4.2 Relationsh
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PM2.5 in the UK 56 Correlation 0.8
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PM2.5 in the UK Figure 3.11: Polar
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PM2.5 in the UK 60 south. Further a
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PM2.5 in the UK 62 3.7 PM2.5 episod
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PM2.5 in the UK 64 secondary ammoni
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PM2.5 in the UK 66 3.8 PM2.5 concen
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PM2.5 in the UK 68 3.9 Composition
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PM2.5 in the UK 70 43. The UK has i
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PM2.5 in the UK 72 NO 3 6 4 2 2000
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PM2.5 in the UK 74 54. PM ammonium
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PM2.5 in the UK 76 58. Data from th
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PM2.5 in the UK 78 (k) Road traffic
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PM2.5 in the UK 80 provided by spec
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PM2.5 in the UK 82 14. The London L
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PM2.5 in the UK Table 4.1: UK emiss
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PM2.5 in the UK 86 24. National inv
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PM2.5 in the UK 88 Figure 4.5: Spat
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PM2.5 in the UK 90 either nanoparti
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PM2.5 in the UK 92 37. Further cons
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PM2.5 in the UK Emissions (ktonnes)
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PM2.5 in the UK 96 Figure 4.7: Spat
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PM2.5 in the UK 98 4.4 A critical a
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PM2.5 in the UK 100 60. At a local
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PM2.5 in the UK 102 measurements an
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PM2.5 in the UK 104 4.5.2 Quantifyi
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PM2.5 in the UK 106 77. Early effor
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PM2.5 in the UK 108 4.6.1 Receptor
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PM2.5 in the UK 110 is predicated o
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PM2.5 in the UK 112 PM2.5 contribut
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PM2.5 in the UK 114 inorganic parti
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PM2.5 in the UK 116 93. While there
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PM2.5 in the UK 118 100% 90% 80% 70
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PM2.5 in the UK 120 105. Receptor m
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PM2.5 in the UK 122
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PM2.5 in the UK 124 5. At the regio
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PM2.5 in the UK 126 15. Some of the
Page 139 and 140: PM2.5 in the UK 128 Figure 5.2: Tot
Page 141 and 142: PM2.5 in the UK 130 µgm -3 160 140
Page 143 and 144: PM2.5 in the UK 132 PM component (
Page 145 and 146: PM2.5 in the UK 134 with larger dev
Page 147 and 148: PM2.5 in the UK 136 Figure 5.8: UKI
Page 149 and 150: PM2.5 in the UK Figure 5.9: Compari
Page 151 and 152: PM2.5 in the UK 140 PM2.5 concentra
Page 153 and 154: PM2.5 in the UK 142 the North Sea (
Page 155 and 156: PM2.5 in the UK 144 53. Modelling r
Page 157 and 158: PM2.5 in the UK Annex 2: PM modelli
Page 159 and 160: PM2.5 in the UK 148 2. Figure A2.1.
Page 161 and 162: PM2.5 in the UK 150 6. The non-line
Page 163 and 164: PM2.5 in the UK 152 Model 50 45 40
Page 165 and 166: PM2.5 in the UK 154 (a) (b) modPM 2
Page 167 and 168: PM2.5 in the UK 156 NO3 - concentra
Page 169 and 170: PM2.5 in the UK 158 26. This was in
Page 171 and 172: PM2.5 in the UK 160 SIA components
Page 173 and 174: PM2.5 in the UK 162 x 50 km grid fo
Page 175 and 176: PM2.5 in the UK 164 A2.6: Photochem
Page 177 and 178: PM2.5 in the UK 166 PM2.5 Emission
Page 179 and 180: PM2.5 in the UK 168 A2.8: PCM PM mo
Page 181 and 182: PM2.5 in the UK 170 illustrated by
Page 183 and 184: PM2.5 in the UK 172 trajectory mode
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Page 187 and 188: PM2.5 in the UK 176 4. The delivery
Page 189: PM2.5 in the UK 178 12. With respec
Page 193 and 194: PM2.5 in the UK Chapter 2: Measurin
Page 195 and 196: PM2.5 in the UK RoTAP (2012). Revie
Page 197 and 198: PM2.5 in the UK Harrison R.M. and Y
Page 199 and 200: PM2.5 in the UK Chapter 5 Modelling
Page 201 and 202: PM2.5 in the UK Jones A.M., Harriso
Page 203: PB13837 Nobel House 17 Smith Square
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