Air quality expert group - Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in ... - Defra

PM2.5 in the UK
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24. National inventories provide an overall trend in emissions over time and indicate
the contribution made by difference sources. Air pollution models require
information on the spatial variability in source emissions. This is illustrated for
the UK in Figure 4.5, which shows the distribution of total PM2.5 emissions in
2009 on a 1 km x 1 km grid, as provided by the NAEI. 4 The methodology used
for mapping emissions from different sources is provided by Bush et al. (2010).
The map shows the dominance of major urban centres and road networks.
The emissions shown around the UK coast are from shipping. The emissions
are taken from implementation of the spatially-resolved inventory of emissions
from shipping in 2007 developed by Entec (Entec, 2010), rescaled to 2009 and
covering an area 12 nautical miles from the coast. These are not the same as the
shipping emissions included in Figure 4.1 and Table 4.1 as ‘national navigation’.
The figures reported there refer to the definition of national shipping emissions
specified by CLRTAP for national inventory reporting. Here, national shipping
emissions are defined as emissions from coastal shipping between UK ports
regardless of the distance the vessel sails from the coast and excludes emissions
from international shipping movements.
Ratios of PM2.5 to PM10 by Emission Sources in the UK
Agriculture
Quarrying and Mining of Minerals Other Than Coal
Other (Combustion)
Iron and steel production
Other (Non-Combustion)
Road Transport (Non-Exhaust)
Combustion in the Energy Industries
Residential
Combustion in Industry
Off Road Transport
Other Mineral products
Other Transport
Road Transport (Exhaust)
Small Scale Waste Burning
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
PM2.5 / PM10 ratio
Figure 4.3: PM2.5:PM10 ratio in direct emissions of PM from main source sectors
in the NAEI in 2009.
4 See http://naei.defra.gov.uk/mapping/mapping_2009.php.