Air quality expert group - Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in ... - Defra

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van der Werf G.R., Randerson J.T., Giglio L., Collatz G.J., Kasibhatla P.S. and Arellano Jr. A.F. (2006) Interannual variability of global biomass burning emissions from 1997 to 2004. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3423-3441. Werner M., Kryza M., Dore A.J., Blas’ M., Hallsworth S., Vieno M., Tang Y.S. and Smith R.I. (2011). Modelling of marine base cation emissions, concentrations and deposition in the UK. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 1023-1037. Whyatt J.D. et al. (2007). Regional scale modelling of particulate matter in the UK: Source attribution and assessment of uncertainties. Atmos. Env., 41, (16), 3315-3327. References Yu Y., Sokhi R.S., Kitwiroon N., Middleton D.R. and Fisher B. (2008). Performance characteristics of MM5-SMOKE-CMAQ for a summer photochemical episode in Southeast England, United Kingdom. Atmospheric Environment, 42, 4870-4883. Zhang H. and Ying Q. (2011). Secondary organic aerosol formation and source apportionment in Southeast Texas. Atmospheric Environment, 45, 3217-3227. Zhuang H., Chan C.K., Fang M. and Wexler A.S. (1999). Formation of nitrate and non-sea-salt sulfate on coarse particles. Atmospheric Environment, 33, 4223-4233. 191
PB13837 Nobel House 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR www.defra.gov.uk Llywodraeth Cymru Welsh Government
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AIR QUALITY EXPERT GROUP Fine Parti
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This is a report from the Air Quali
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II Membership Chair Professor Paul
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IV Acknowledgements The Air Quality
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VI 2.5 Summary 39 2.5.1 What does t
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VIII 5.4 Components of PM2.5 and so
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PM2.5 in the UK 2 Air Quality Direc
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PM2.5 in the UK 4 I.2.1 Concentrati
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PM2.5 in the UK 6 • PM2.5 emissio
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PM2.5 in the UK 8 I.4.1 Modelling r
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PM2.5 in the UK 10 4. In broad term
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PM2.5 in the UK Table 1.2: National
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PM2.5 in the UK 14 17. Dry depositi
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PM2.5 in the UK 16 in ozone in the
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PM2.5 in the UK 18
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PM2.5 in the UK 20 5. The exact for
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PM2.5 in the UK 22 12. These diffic
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PM2.5 in the UK 24 2.3 Methods used
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PM2.5 in the UK 26 (e) During the
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PM2.5 in the UK 28 2.3.3 The Partis
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PM2.5 in the UK 30 35. For non-auto
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PM2.5 in the UK 32 43. Ratification
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PM2.5 in the UK 34 49. Many of the
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PM2.5 in the UK 36 57. Black carbon
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PM2.5 in the UK 38 2.4.4 PM2.5 elem
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PM2.5 in the UK 40 average of 93.6%
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PM2.5 in the UK Annex 1 - PM2.5 mon
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PM2.5 in the UK 44
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PM2.5 in the UK 46 3.2.1 Diurnal va
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PM2.5 in the UK 48 PM2.5/µgm -3 20
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PM2.5 in the UK 50 3.2.4 Seasonal v
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PM2.5 in the UK 52 12. Results are
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PM2.5 in the UK 54 3.4.2 Relationsh
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PM2.5 in the UK 56 Correlation 0.8
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PM2.5 in the UK Figure 3.11: Polar
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PM2.5 in the UK 60 south. Further a
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PM2.5 in the UK 62 3.7 PM2.5 episod
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PM2.5 in the UK 64 secondary ammoni
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PM2.5 in the UK 66 3.8 PM2.5 concen
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PM2.5 in the UK 68 3.9 Composition
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PM2.5 in the UK 70 43. The UK has i
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PM2.5 in the UK 72 NO 3 6 4 2 2000
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PM2.5 in the UK 74 54. PM ammonium
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PM2.5 in the UK 76 58. Data from th
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PM2.5 in the UK 78 (k) Road traffic
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PM2.5 in the UK 80 provided by spec
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PM2.5 in the UK 82 14. The London L
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PM2.5 in the UK Table 4.1: UK emiss
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PM2.5 in the UK 86 24. National inv
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PM2.5 in the UK 88 Figure 4.5: Spat
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PM2.5 in the UK 90 either nanoparti
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PM2.5 in the UK 92 37. Further cons
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PM2.5 in the UK Emissions (ktonnes)
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PM2.5 in the UK 96 Figure 4.7: Spat
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PM2.5 in the UK 98 4.4 A critical a
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PM2.5 in the UK 100 60. At a local
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PM2.5 in the UK 102 measurements an
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PM2.5 in the UK 104 4.5.2 Quantifyi
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PM2.5 in the UK 106 77. Early effor
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PM2.5 in the UK 108 4.6.1 Receptor
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PM2.5 in the UK 110 is predicated o
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PM2.5 in the UK 112 PM2.5 contribut
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PM2.5 in the UK 114 inorganic parti
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PM2.5 in the UK 116 93. While there
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PM2.5 in the UK 118 100% 90% 80% 70
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PM2.5 in the UK 120 105. Receptor m
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PM2.5 in the UK 122
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PM2.5 in the UK 124 5. At the regio
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PM2.5 in the UK 126 15. Some of the
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PM2.5 in the UK 128 Figure 5.2: Tot
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PM2.5 in the UK 130 µgm -3 160 140
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PM2.5 in the UK 132 PM component (
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PM2.5 in the UK 134 with larger dev
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PM2.5 in the UK 136 Figure 5.8: UKI
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PM2.5 in the UK Figure 5.9: Compari
Page 151 and 152: PM2.5 in the UK 140 PM2.5 concentra
Page 153 and 154: PM2.5 in the UK 142 the North Sea (
Page 155 and 156: PM2.5 in the UK 144 53. Modelling r
Page 157 and 158: PM2.5 in the UK Annex 2: PM modelli
Page 159 and 160: PM2.5 in the UK 148 2. Figure A2.1.
Page 161 and 162: PM2.5 in the UK 150 6. The non-line
Page 163 and 164: PM2.5 in the UK 152 Model 50 45 40
Page 165 and 166: PM2.5 in the UK 154 (a) (b) modPM 2
Page 167 and 168: PM2.5 in the UK 156 NO3 - concentra
Page 169 and 170: PM2.5 in the UK 158 26. This was in
Page 171 and 172: PM2.5 in the UK 160 SIA components
Page 173 and 174: PM2.5 in the UK 162 x 50 km grid fo
Page 175 and 176: PM2.5 in the UK 164 A2.6: Photochem
Page 177 and 178: PM2.5 in the UK 166 PM2.5 Emission
Page 179 and 180: PM2.5 in the UK 168 A2.8: PCM PM mo
Page 181 and 182: PM2.5 in the UK 170 illustrated by
Page 183 and 184: PM2.5 in the UK 172 trajectory mode
Page 185 and 186: PM2.5 in the UK 174
Page 187 and 188: PM2.5 in the UK 176 4. The delivery
Page 189 and 190: PM2.5 in the UK 178 12. With respec
Page 191 and 192: PM2.5 in the UK 180
Page 193 and 194: PM2.5 in the UK Chapter 2: Measurin
Page 195 and 196: PM2.5 in the UK RoTAP (2012). Revie
Page 197 and 198: PM2.5 in the UK Harrison R.M. and Y
Page 199 and 200: PM2.5 in the UK Chapter 5 Modelling
Page 201: PM2.5 in the UK Jones A.M., Harriso
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