Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Intellectual Capital

Ahmed Elsetouhi and Ibrahim Elbeltagi
Finally, <strong>the</strong> stability <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> actor- network depends on <strong>the</strong> strength <strong>of</strong> relationships between actors and
focal actor as well as <strong>the</strong> ability <strong>of</strong> spokespersons to attract o<strong>the</strong>r actors (Rhodes 2009). As a result <strong>of</strong>
<strong>the</strong>se examinations, it is expected that <strong>the</strong> relationships between IC and process and product innovation
are mutually positive in banks.
4. Conclusions and future research
Past studies examined <strong>the</strong> effect <strong>of</strong> IC (HC, SC and CC) on radical and incremental innovation. There
are scarce in prior studies that investigate <strong>the</strong> mutual relationship between IC and product and process
innovation. Therefore, this study analyzes <strong>the</strong>se relationships through building a conceptual
framework depending on (ANT) to explain <strong>the</strong>se relationships. ANT focuses on two stages as follows:
First, support point stage concerns to examine <strong>the</strong> interrelationships among actors. Previous studies
proved that <strong>the</strong>re are positive interactions between HC, SC and CC. This emphasizes that <strong>the</strong>se actors
work toge<strong>the</strong>r in harmony. Therefore, this stage will support <strong>the</strong> next stage. Second, Interssement
indicate that focal actor should do great efforts to convince <strong>the</strong>se actors to support its aim. Many researchers
showed that innovation has many interests to HC, SC and CC. For example, innovation
helps customer to find new ways to solve his problems and provides new skills to employees (e.g.
West 1989; Marqués et al. 2006). Third, enrollment means that actors accept <strong>the</strong> focal actor's aim.
Fourth, mobilization reveals that current actors are looking for o<strong>the</strong>rs actors to participate in <strong>the</strong>ir actor-network
like social capital.
Finally, this study presented a conceptual framework depending on ANT to explain <strong>the</strong>se relationships.
It is expected that relationships between IC and process and product innovation are mutually
positive. Future research should empirically examine this conceptual framework and it should insert
and test social capital as a new actor to <strong>the</strong> current network.
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