Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Intellectual Capital

Table 3: Smart cities – application <strong>of</strong> methodology
Katia Rodrigues and Eduardo Tomé
BRAGA LUXEMBOURG RUSE
1.SMART ECONOMY
R&D expenditure in % <strong>of</strong> GDP (R) 1,20% 1,58% 0,52%
Employment rate in knowledge-intensive sectors (R ) 2.20% 13,23% 2,15%
Patent applications per inhabitant (R ) 0,13% 7,24% .
Self-employment rate (L) 1.58% 7.6% .
New businesses registered in proportion <strong>of</strong> existing
companies (L) 13.55% 11,80% .
GDP per head (€) (R ) € 10.629 48.688 € 1.673,00€
Unemployment rate (L) 11,50% 5,80% 14%
2.SMART PEOPLE
Gross enrollment rate in higher education (%) (L) 74,40% 8,42% 41,22%
Share <strong>of</strong> foreigners (L) 1 219 78749 .
People working in creative industries (N) 1,40% . .
Voters turnout at <strong>European</strong> elections (L) 44,70% 90,75% .
Voters turnout at city elections(L) 68% 83% 34%
3. SMART GOVERNANCE
Perception on transparency <strong>of</strong> bureaucracy (N) 6 8.5 3.6
Perception on fight against corruption (N) 81.9 95.2 54.3
4. SMART MOBILITY
Computers in households (N) 48.8% 88% 20%
Broadband internet access in households(N) 96% 82% 23,50%
5. SMART ENVIRONMENT
Green space share (L)
13 m2 per
capita
30 m2 per
capita .
Summer smog (L) 29 53 1
Fatal chronic lower respiratory diseases(L) 1312 hab 314 hab .
6. SMART LIVING
Visits to museums (L) 20 058 339862 4373
Life expectancy (N) 75years 79years 71years
Hospital beds per inhabitant (L) 3,2%0 6.7 %0 7,4%0
Crime rate (L) 37,3 %0 53,35%0
Doctors per inhabitant (L) 3,58 2,9 3,4
Share <strong>of</strong> housing fulfilling minimal standards (L) 85 670 168198
Students per inhabitant (L) 30% 18,22%
Poverty rate (N) 19% 14,90% 14,70%
Poverty line (N) 400 EUR 1.484 EUR 230 EUR
Source: Statistics Portugal (www.ine.pt), Urban audit Braga, Urban audit Luxembourg, Urban audit
Ruse, Statistics Luxembourg (www.statistiques.public.lu), Statistics Bulgaria (www.nsi.bg)
Note: Local (L), Regional (R ) National (N)
But with respect to <strong>the</strong> rate <strong>of</strong> self-employment (1.58%) and <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> new businesses registered
in <strong>the</strong> proportion <strong>of</strong> existing firms (13.55%), Braga takes a relatively good advantage. Finally in what
concerns <strong>the</strong> GDP per capita and <strong>the</strong> unemployment rate, Braga is situated between two o<strong>the</strong>r cities.
In <strong>the</strong> category "Smart People," Braga has good results in <strong>the</strong> gross enrollment rate in higher
education with 74.40%. Braga has a small number <strong>of</strong> foreigners (1219) instead <strong>of</strong> Luxembourg
(78,749). The percentage <strong>of</strong> people working in creative industries in Portugal is 1.40%. Voter
participation in Braga is always less than Luxembourg but always above <strong>the</strong> city <strong>of</strong> Ruse.
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