FEI-FEVI 2010 EEC Report filed March 31, 2011 - FortisBC

FORTISBC ENERGY INC. AND FORTISBC ENERGY (VANCOUVER ISLAND) INC.
2010 ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CONSERVATION ANNUAL REPORT
Table 9-4: Estimated Steam Energy Use for Major Pulp and Paper Products 45
In the food processing industry, significant energy is lost from fluid heating and boiling. Most of
the waste energy is in the form of waste steam, exhaust gases, and radiative heat losses from
evaporators, dryers, and other key processes.
In metal melting and heating, the primary sources of energy loss in fired systems are hot gases
(both contaminated and clean), warm water, and hot products that must be cooled or quenched.
In iron and steel making, for example, energy is lost when hot products such as coke, molten
iron, hot slabs, and process gases are cooled. Smelting, which produces molten metal,
generates energy losses in the form of furnace exit gases. Major sources of energy loss from
calcining processes are exhaust gases such as evaporated water, combustion gases, and
carbon dioxide from calcinations.
During process heating, the energy is mainly lost as waste gases from boilers and due to fouling
that impedes heat transfer. The energy lost due to these inefficiencies must be supplied by
burning additional natural gas or other types of fuels. Opportunities for improvement exist in the
chemicals, non-metallic minerals, paper, and other manufacturing sectors where boilers are
45 A Report prepared by Resource Dynamic Corporation for the U.S. Department of Energy. “Steam System
Opportunity Assessment for the Pulp and Paper, Chemical Manufacturing, and Petroleum Refining Industries”.
October 2009. Retrieved from
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices/pdfs/steam_assess_mainreport.pdf.
SECTION 9: INDUSTRIAL SECTOR PROGRAMS Page 172