reproductive health services for adolescents - Pathfinder International

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Module 16/Unit 11 Specific Objective #1: Explain the importance of sexual abuse as a reproductive health issue CONTENT Knowledge/Attitudes/Skills INTRODUCTION Adolescents experience many different types of violence, both physical and sexual. Issues facing the adolescent include domestic violence, sexual abuse, sexual assault, sexual harassment, and gang-related violence. Although all forms of violence have a significant impact on adolescents, this unit will focus on sexual abuse and rape given their direct effect on young people's reproductive health. SEXUAL ABUSE Sexual abuse includes all forms of sexual coercion (emotional, physical, and economic) against an individual. It may or may not include rape. Any type of unwanted sexual contact is considered sexual abuse. Rape is defined as the use of physical and/or emotional coercion, or threats to use coercion, in order to penetrate a child, adolescent, or adult either vaginally, orally, or anally against her/his will. Rape is not a form of sexual passion; it is a form of violence and control. Acquaintance rape—When the person who is attacked knows the attacker. Marital rape—When one spouse forces the other to have sexual intercourse. Stranger rape—When the person who is attacked does not know the attacker. Gang rape—When two or more people sexually assault another person. Training/Learning Methods (Time Required) BRAINSTORMING (15 MIN.) The trainer should: Ask Px, what are the types of violence that adolescents experience • Write answers on a piece of flipchart. Ask Px, which of these types of violence are related to sexual abuse and rape Ask Px, why it is important to discuss sexual abuse How does it relate to the RH work that you do • Using the content in the first paragraph on the left-hand side of the page, introduce the topic of sexual abuse and rape within the context of overall violence. TRUTH OR MYTH (15 MIN.) The trainer should: • Distribute Px Handout 11.1: Sexual Abuse Truth or Myth to Px. 11.1 • Allow 10 minutes for them to complete the Truth or Myth exercise. • Ask for a volunteer to answer each question. Pathfinder International 140 Adolescent Curriculum
Module 16/Unit 11 CONTENT Knowledge/Attitudes/Skills Incest—When a person is sexually abused by his/her own family member. Perpetrators may be a: • Parent. • Partner. • Ex-Partner. • Boyfriend. • Family member. Training/Learning Methods (Time Required) Using the answer key (Trainer’s Tool 11.1), review Px answers. 11.1 • Fill in any missing information from the content on the left-hand side of the page. • Emphasize that any time a person says “no” to any type of sexual contact, that it means NO! • Person living in the home. • Teacher. • Neighbor. • Acquaintance. • Stranger. Often adolescents are abused by someone they know and trust, although boys are more likely than girls to be abused outside of the family. Sexual abuse occurs in rural, urban, and suburban areas and among all ethnic, racial, and socio-economic groups. WHY IS SEXUAL ABUSE A REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROBLEM Sexual abuse and/or rape can impact an adolescent’s reproductive health through: • Lacerations and internal injuries. • Unwanted pregnancy and its consequences (unsafe abortion, bad pregnancy outcomes, etc.). MIND MAPPING (15 MIN.) The trainer should: • Write “sexual abuse” on the flipchart. • Explain that this is a mind mapping exercise. The point is to list direct and indirect consequences of sexual abuse and to indicate the relationships between them in order to create a tree. Pathfinder International 141 Adolescent Curriculum
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Comprehensive Reproductive Health a
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