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9. London’s air quality and greenhouse gas emissions and transport and public health
from all sources, and the reductions to be achieved from transport would not
necessarily be exactly proportionate to the overall 60 per cent reduction, mainly
because the cost-effectiveness of reduction initiatives varies between different
economic sectors.
The CCMES analysis broke down the contributions to the 60 per cent target by
sector as follows (these are reductions by 2025 from 1990 levels):
• Industrial and Commercial 71 per cent reduction (14.07 MtCO 2 )
• Domestic 53 per cent (8.45 MtCO 2 )
• Transport 48 per cent (4.52 MtCO 2 )
CO 2 emissions from transport in 2013
Interim figures from the London Energy and Greenhouse Gas Inventory (LEGGI)
showed that emissions from transport were 8.67 MtCO 2 in 2013, and accounted
for 22 per cent of London’s CO 2 emissions. This is a low proportion when
compared to the national average of 27 percent in 2012. Note that these estimates
will be updated on the basis of the new London emissions inventories, as described
in the following sections. Nevertheless, they do provide a basis for better
understanding the challenge that the Mayor’s CO 2 reduction target presents in the
context of a rapidly growing city.
TfL’s Health, Safety and Environment Report 2013-14 sets out medium-term
trends for CO 2 emissions from the main public transport modes in London. Carbon
dioxide reduction targets are framed in terms of absolute tonnages of emissions,
however, London’s rapidly growing population, and the need to provide enhanced
public transport to accommodate this and provide for future economic growth,
mean that steps to reduce CO 2 emissions are more appropriately assessed on a
normalised (per passenger kilometre) basis. TfL’s target is to reduce normalised
CO 2 emissions from the main public transport modes, as measured in grams CO 2 e
(carbon dioxide equivalent) per passenger kilometre, by 20 per cent in 2017/18 as
measured against a 2005/06 baseline. Figure 9.3 shows progress towards this target
to be broadly on track. However, the equivalent pace of reduction in absolute
tonnages falls short of the wider Mayor’s reduction target.
168 Travel in London, Report 8