Travel in London Travel in London

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9. London’s air quality and greenhouse gas emissions and transport and public health physical activity each week in periods of ten minutes or more. This is the level of activity recommended by the Chief Medical Officer for avoiding the greatest health risks associated with a lack of physical activity such as Type 2 diabetes, depression, coronary heart disease and some cancers. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity includes brisk walking and cycling. New evidence is indicating that active travel is proving to be the biggest determinant of whether the population are getting enough exercise to stay healthy. A new study from the Netherlands (Fishman et al, 2015: Adult active transport in the Netherlands: An analysis of its contribution to physical activity requirements) analysed travel survey data to assess the contribution of active travel to adults meeting their physical activity needs. This study found that those who did any walking or cycling at all were likely to exceed the 150 minutes per week threshold and overall 38 per cent of Dutch adults met or exceed minimum activity levels from active travel alone. This same central role of active travel to achieving physical activity recommendations has also been shown in studies for England (Belanger et al, 2011: Age related differences in physical activity profiles of English adults). Trends in active travel by age group The London Travel Demand Survey (LTDS) can be used to quantify active travel by London residents. Figure 9.8 shows the number of minutes spent walking and cycling per adult per day for London residents. The graph shows that across all age groups there has been a general upward trend in minutes per person per day spent travelling actively between 2008/09 and 2014/15. Figure 9.8 30 Number of minutes spent walking and cycling per person per day, by age group, 2008/09 – 2014/15. 25 Minutes per person per day 20 15 10 5 0 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 17-24 25-44 45-64 65+ Walk Cycle Source: TfL Planning, Strategic Analysis. 178 Travel in London, Report 8
9. London’s air quality and greenhouse gas emissions and transport and public health There are, however, variations in the number of minutes spent travelling actively per day by age. The 25-44 age group have the highest average number of active travel minutes per day (26.2 minutes in 2014/15) followed by 17-24 year olds (23 minutes), 45-64 year olds (20.3 minutes) and over 65s (15.3 per cent). Most active travel is in the form of walking, despite recent increases in the numbers of trips cycled. The proportion of active travel done on foot is lowest among 25-44 year olds (91 per cent), followed by 45-64 year olds (93 per cent), 17-24 year olds (94 per cent) and is highest among over 65s (97 per cent), reflecting the age profile of cyclists (figure 9.8). Figure 9.9 30 Number of minutes spent walking and cycling per person per day, by age group, 2014/15. Number of minutes per adult per day 25 20 15 10 5 0 17-24 25-44 45-64 65+ Walk Cycle Source: TfL Planning, Strategic Analysis. Because London’s population is not equally distributed between these age groups, the total number of minutes spent travelling actively is also not spread evenly. Figure 9.10 shows the total minutes (in millions per day) spent travelling actively by all people in each age group from 2008/9 to 2014/15. The largest age group, in terms of population, is 25-44 years and hence this group has a much larger number of active travel minutes each day, followed by the 45-64 age group. The group aged 65 and over have the lowest total minutes per day, however as this group is slightly larger than the 17-24 age group in terms of population, this shows that older people, on average, spend less time travelling actively per person than the 17-24 age group. 179 Travel in London, Report 8
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