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3. Travel trends by mode Table 3.5 Summary of key indicators of travel demand for principal travel modes in London. Mode and indicator Units 2008 or 2008/09 2013 or 2013/14 2014 or 2014/15 Difference (%) 2014 or 2014/15 vs 2008 2013 Public transport (PT) Total PT passenger kilometres Millions per year 17,470 20,374 20,882 19.5 2.5 Total PT journey stages Millions per year 3,462 3,915 3,971 14.7 1.4 Bus passenger kilometres Millions per year 7,942 8,411 8,420 6.0 0.1 Bus journey stages Millions per year 2,247 2,382 2,385 6.2 0.1 Underground passenger km Millions per year 8,641 10,423 10,847 25.5 4.1 Underground journey stages Millions per year 1,089 1,265 1,305 19.8 3.2 DLR passenger kilometres Millions per year 318 537 594 86.8 10.6 DLR journey stages Millions per year 66 102 110 67.1 8.6 London Tramlink passenger Millions per year 142 162 160 12.7 -1.6 kilometres London Tramlink journey stages Millions per year 27 31 31 13.7 -1.5 Overground passenger km Millions per year 427 840 861 101.5 2.5 Overground journey stages Millions per year 33 136 140 321.4 3.1 National Rail pass. km (L&SE) Millions per year 24,222 28,615 29,593 22.2 3.4 National Rail journeys (L&SE) Millions per year 854 1,107 1,155 35.2 4.3 Road traffic Motor vehicle km – GLA Billions per year 30.3 28.8 29.3 -3.1 1.8 Motor vehicle km – central Billions per year 1.1 1.0 1.0 -7.5 3.4 Motor vehicle km – inner Billions per year 8.3 7.4 7.5 -9.3 1.4 Motor vehicle km – outer Billions per year 20.9 20.4 20.8 -0.4 1.9 Central London cordon ‘000 motor vehicles 1,193 1,181 1,172 -1.8 -0.8 Inner London cordon ‘000 motor vehicles 2,015 n/a 1,938 -3.8 n/a Outer London cordon ‘000 motor vehicles n/a 2,539 n/a n/a n/a Thames screenline ‘000 motor vehicles 798 n/a 790 -1.0 n/a Cycling Cycle flows on TLRN Cycles – central cordon Cycles – inner cordon Cycles – outer cordon Cycles – Thames screenline Other modes Cycles counted (index 2000/01=100) Cycles counted thousand Cycles counted thousand Cycles counted thousand Cycles counted thousand 207.2 295.6 329.6 59.1 11.5 104 161 172 65.4 6.8 44 n/a 69 56.8 n/a n/a 20 n/a n/a n/a 61 n/a 95 55.7 n/a Airport terminal passengers Millions 136.8 138.7 138.7 1.4 0.0 River Thames passengers Millions per year n/a 8.4 10.0 n/a 19.1 Licensed taxis Vehicles (thousand) 22.3 22.8 22.5 0.9 1.4 Licensed taxi drivers Number (thousand) 24.8 25.5 25.2 1.8 1.2 Licensed private hire Vehicles (thousand) 49.3 52.8 62.8 27.2 18.8 Licensed private hire Drivers (thousand) 55.8 65.7 78.7 41.1 19.9 Source: TfL Planning, Strategic Analysis. 72 Travel in London, Report 8
4. Performance of the transport networks 4. Performance of the transport networks 4.1 Introduction and contents This chapter reviews aspects of the service supply and the operational performance provided by London’s transport networks, updating the range of indicators introduced in previous Travel in London reports, and following on from the trends in travel demand on the individual transport modes described in the previous two chapters. It provides a summary of the performance of the TfL-operated mass public transport networks, together with National Rail in London, in terms of indicators of service provision and operational reliability. It then looks at the performance of London’s road network, covering measures such as traffic speeds, journey times and journey time reliability. 4.2 Key modal trends (service supply) Public transport in London has, over recent years, benefited from a long run of sustained high operational performance and service provision. All key indicators of service provision have shown a marked trend of improvement over the last decade. • A total of 80 million train kilometres were operated on the Underground in 2014/15, up from 76 million in 2013/14, and up by 14 per cent against 2008/09, with the benefits of the Tube upgrade programme, including the current renewal of the entire sub-surface train fleet, now evident. • In 2014/15, 489 million vehicle kilometres were operated on the bus network, a 2.4 per cent increase against 2008/09, continuing the high rate of service provision following the major increase to bus service levels in the earlier part of the last decade. • On the other TfL rail modes 2014 saw continued incremental development to the networks and the services operated on them. On the Docklands Light Railway there were 594 million kilometres operated in 2014/15, up from 537 million kilometres in 2013/14. On London Overground 8.1 million kilometres were operated in 2014/15, the same figure as in 2013/14. On Tramlink there were 3.01 million kilometres operated in 2014/15, down slightly from 3.03 million kilometres in 2013/14. Between 2008/09 and 2013/14, the net increases in service provision have been 48.7 per cent on the DLR, 142.5 per cent on London Overground, reflecting the rapid expansion of this network, and 13.2 per cent on Tramlink. • In terms of the overall capacity provided by the public transport networks, measured in terms of place-kilometres, the net increases between 2008/09 and 2014/15 were 9.8 per cent for Underground, 4.3 per cent for bus, 91.9 per cent for DLR and 13.1 per cent for Tramlink, equating to an overall increase of 9.6 per cent across the four networks in combination. This is a growth rate equivalent to 1.5 per cent per year, on average, in the capacity of London’s key public transport networks. 4.3 Key modal trends (operational performance) Alongside increased public transport provision, there have also been sustained improvements to the quality and reliability of public transport services. Service reliability indicators in 2014/15 for the major public transport modes were also at, 73 Travel in London, Report 8
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