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10. The London 2012 Games and their legacy – an update This section briefly reviews the key transport features of, and lessons learned from, the 2012 Games, following on from the detailed coverage in Travel in London report 5. Subsequent sections then proceed to update some key transport legacy indicators – some three years after the Games. Key transport features of the 2012 Games The Games were a major success – both as sporting events and in the way that the transport networks operated to support them. TfL, London 2012 and transport delivery partners had the twin objectives of delivering a great Games and keeping London moving and open for business. All of the indicators showed that these aims were comprehensively achieved. The travel of more than 6.2 million Olympic spectators over 17 days and 2.7 million Paralympic spectators over 11 days, together with the Games workforce and the Games Family had to be provided for, alongside the trips made for other purposes in London. This meant delivering an enhanced level of service on routes to and from Games venues, and taking steps to manage demand arising from regular travellers, at particular places and at particular times, so that the exceptional numbers making their way to and from events could be accommodated. To help achieve this aim, £6.5bn was invested in new infrastructure in the run up to the Games; this also having a longer-term role in facilitating the regeneration in the six Games Growth Boroughs. Together with our partners, TfL undertook detailed planning to ensure that the right level of service was provided at Games time, and particular emphasis was given to ensuring the reliability of services. Ticketed spectators were issued with a Games Travelcard – offering free public transport on the day of their event. On the roads, TfL designed and implemented the Olympic and Paralympic Route Networks, to expedite Games Family traffic and meet London’s contractual commitments to the International Olympic Committee in respect of journey times for the Games Family. TfL recognised that enhanced services would be insufficient on their own to deliver a successful Games. A significant change in travel behaviour by businesses and regular travellers, to encourage avoidance of the busiest times and places on the transport networks, was also needed. To deliver this behavioural change, a major programme of travel demand management (TDM) was put in place. This was supported by the high profile ‘Get Ahead of the Games’ media campaign. Importantly, the scale and content of this advice was varied as the Games progressed, reflecting actual conditions on the networks and optimising the successful balance that was, in the event, achieved. Analysis of travel patterns during the Games suggested that relatively small adaptations by a large number of people – in terms of the four pillars (the ‘four R’s’) of the TDM campaign – created sufficient headroom for Games traffic to be accommodated almost entirely without major incident. Travellers were encouraged to adapt their travel by Reducing the amount they travelled during Games time; by Re-timing journeys so as to avoid the busiest times on the networks; by Re-moding to other less-busy modes of transport and by Re-routing to avoid the busiest locations. All of this enabled London to continue to function and be ‘open for business’ on a day-to-day basis for non-Games activities. 186 Travel in London, Report 8
10. The London 2012 Games and their legacy – an update During the Games: • London’s public transport networks carried record numbers of people. On the roads, while traffic was reduced in central and inner London, in outer London traffic levels were comparable to those normally expected during the summer holiday period. • TfL calculated that background (ie non-Games) travel reduced by about 5 per cent during the Olympics, and by about 3 per cent during the Paralympics, compared to what would normally be expected at those times of year. This provided a degree of headroom to accommodate overall demand (including both Games and non-Games demand) that was estimated to be 5.5 per cent (Olympics) and 3.9 per cent (Paralympics) higher than would otherwise have been expected at that time of the year. • It was estimated that more than 95 per cent of Games related trips used public transport, and the evidence suggested that the public response to the TDM messages was almost optimally targeted in terms of time and location. • The transport networks performed very well in operational terms with no major issues. Reliability for Games Family journeys by road exceeded the 95 per cent target set by the International Olympic Commission, and journey time reliability on the roads for other traffic was similar to that usually delivered. • Reliability levels for the main public transport networks were comparable to, or exceeded, the high levels of operational reliability now routinely delivered. Main lessons learned from the 2012 Games A combination of several factors made the Games a transport success. Among the most significant were: • An integrated transport system – TfL’s unique breadth of responsibilities, unique for a host city, plus measures such as the London spectator Travelcard, multi-agency co-ordinated operations and customer communications all helped to greatly improve the traveller experience. • Outstanding levels of operational performance – transport reliability during the Games was strong, at 98 per cent or more on the Tube, DLR and London Overground, continuing the improving performance of recent periods, and reflecting enhanced maintenance and other measures for Games time, • Exceptional customer experience – with extra staff and volunteers, eye-catching magenta signage, and integrated real-time customer information, transport operators provided an exceptional customer experience for spectators, Games Family and regular travellers over the summer. • Effective management of the road network – TfL balanced the needs of the Games Family and regular road users effectively, through active traffic management, the design of robust Olympic and Paralympic Route Networks, and by opening Games lanes (for Games Family vehicles only) to normal traffic when they were not needed. • Successful communication strategy and travel demand management (TDM) - with an integrated communications and TDM strategy, travellers were informed in real-time about the best ways to use the transport system, and by following advice to avoid the busiest times and places to keep the transport system moving despite record passenger numbers. 187 Travel in London, Report 8
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