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630<br />

ELEMENTS.<br />

(RA. 265). Faculis et faustis acclamationibus, ut prioribus<br />

regibus assueverant, obviam ei (non) procedebant/ Lamb, schafn.<br />

ad an. 1077. Of what we now call illumination, the lighting up<br />

of streets and avenues, there are probably older instances than<br />

those I am able to : quote von kleinen kerzen manec schoup<br />

gele<strong>it</strong> uf olboume loup/ of l<strong>it</strong>tle tapers many a cluster ranged in<br />

olive bower, Parz. 82, 25. Detmar (ed. Grautoff 1, 301) on the<br />

Emp. Charles IWs entry :<br />

into Lubeck des nachtes weren die<br />

luchten bernde ut alien husen, unde was so licht in der nacht als<br />

in dem dage/ The church also escorted w<strong>it</strong>h torchlight pro<br />

cessions : cui (abbati) intranti per noctis tenebras adhibent faces<br />

* Hirimannus dux<br />

et lampadas/ Chapeaville 2, 532 (12th cent.).<br />

susceptus est ab archiepiscopo manuque deduc<strong>it</strong>ur ad ecclesiam<br />

accensis luminaribus, cunctisque sonantibus cainpanis/ Dietm.<br />

merseb. 2, 18. Taceo coronas tarn luminoso fulgore a luminaribus<br />

in Mabillon s Acta<br />

pendentes/ V<strong>it</strong>a Joh. gorziens. (bef. 984)<br />

Ben., sec. 5, p. 395 (see Suppl.).<br />

3. AIR.<br />

The notions air, wind, weather, touch one another, and their<br />

names often do the same. 1 Like water, like fire, they are all<br />

regarded as a being<br />

that moves and lives : we saw how the words<br />

animus, spir<strong>it</strong>us, geist (pp. 439. 461) come to be used of genii,<br />

and the Slav, dukh is alike breath, breathing, and spir<strong>it</strong>.<br />

Wuofcan himself we found to be the all-pervading (p. 133) ; like<br />

Vishnu, he is the fine asther that fills the universe. But lesser<br />

spir<strong>it</strong>s belong to this element too: Gustr, Zephyr, Blaser (p. 461),<br />

Blaster, Wind-and-weather (p. 548), proper names of dwarfs,<br />

elves, giants. In the L<strong>it</strong>huanian legend the two giants Wandu<br />

(water) and Weyas (wind) act together (p. 579). To the OHG.<br />

wetar, OS. wedar, AS. weder (tempestasj corresponds the Slav.<br />

veter, vietar (ventus, aer) : and to Goth, vinds, OHG. wint, the<br />

Lat. ventus. The various names given to wind in the Alvismal<br />

(Saem.<br />

blustering<br />

50 a<br />

) are easily explained by <strong>it</strong>s properties of blowing,<br />

and so forth :<br />

oepir (weeper) ejulans, the wailing,<br />

conf. OS. wop (whoop), OHG. wuof ejulatus ; gneggioffr (neigher)<br />

strepens, quasi hinniens ; dynfari<br />

cum son<strong>it</strong>u iens.<br />

1 Our luft I include under the root liuban, no. 530, whose primary meaning<br />

is still obscure ;<br />

conf. kliuban kluft, skiuban skuft.

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